Lubricating systems for rigid PVC

Williams, Joseph B.; Falter, J. A.; Geick, K. S.

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-5862-6_48

Cited by 1 publication

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“…Approximately 60 million metric tons of PVC polymers are produced every year making them the third most significant synthetic plastic after polyethylene and polypropylene in terms of volume. − Processed PVC plastic products are produced in two grades: rigid unplasticized PVC (uPVC) and flexible plasticized PVC. uPVC represents the largest market segment of the two grades and mainly finds application in construction of pipes and profiles such as doors and window frames .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Mapping toward Optimal Addition Levels and Processing Conditions for Different Types of Hydrocarbon Waxes Typically Used as External Lubricants in Sn-Stabilized PVC Pipe Formulations

Bekker

Robertson

Duveskog³

et al. 2022

ACS Omega

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The mechanism of performance of hydrocarbon waxes used as external lubricants in typical PVC pipe formulations is not completely understood or defined. This study will benefit pipe manufacturers to tailor PVC processing conditions and wax addition levels to enhance the value of waxes with different molecular architectures in Sn-stabilized PVC formulations. A selection of waxes was comprehensively analyzed to understand how their structural and morphological differences impact the fusion behavior of a Sn-stabilized PVC compound. Results showed a high probability of fusion for waxes with melting points between 65 and 80 °C and a kinematic viscosity (at 135 °C) of less than 5 cSt across all experimental temperatures and concentration levels tested. The general probability of fusion increased with increasing temperature and decreasing wax concentration. Wax compositional differences only had a large impact on PVC fusion at lower experimental temperatures and high wax concentrations. The stable time and onset of degradation were found to be sensitive to experimental temperature but less so to wax concentration. High melting waxes had the lowest fusion torque but a narrow operating window in terms of concentration and temperature for a successful fusion to occur. Overall, fully refined paraffin waxes had the widest operating window and were less sensitive to a change in the wax concentration and experimental temperature than the rest of the waxes that were tested.

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