Significance. Health of child population is one of the most important priorities of the state policy. Each region of Russia has its own characteristics of living conditions that affect the health of children, therefore, the assessment of regional characteristics of living and upbringing conditions of children in terms of their impact on health is a relevant objective. Purpose. To assess the impact of individual factors of living conditions of families in the Chechen Republic on the health of children under the age of 7 years. Material and Methods. During the preventive medical examination, a survey of parents of 793 children under 7 living in 9 districts of the Chechen Republic has been conducted. As a result, 536 questionnaires completed by 85% and more were analyzed. The health group determined based on the examination results was used as an effective indicator for assessing the impact of family living conditions on health. Results. The peculiar features of living conditions of children under 7 in the Chechen Republic are as follows: a high share of rural dwellers; a high number of large families; short birth spacing; a significant number of non-working mothers; an extremely low number of single-parent families with children. The child health is adversely affected by the following: living in rural areas; living in a family with five children and more; low educational level of parents; lack of funds for the child material support in low-income families. Conclusions. The Chechen Republic has its own peculiar characteristics of living conditions of children, which affect the child health and should be taken into account when developing regional programs aimed at preventing health disorders in children.

Background. Rising prevalence of allergic diseases is a major medical and social problem.Objective. The aim of the study is to study the prevalence of allergy symptoms in schoolchildren of Chechen Republic according to the ISAAC (International Study of Asthma and Allergy in Childhood) questionnaire.Methods. We have surveyed 3,398 schoolchildren from 26 randomly chosen schools located in 2 urban and 2 rural areas of Chechen Republic. The first age group (7–8 years old) included 1331 first graders, the second group (13-14 years old) — 2067 eighth graders.Results. The prevalence of allergic diseases symptoms according to the questionnaire was the following: bronchial asthma (BA) — 18.4% (625 children), allergic rhinitis (AR) — 16.6% (565 children), atopic dermatitis (AD) — 4.7% (160 children), while medically verified diagnosis was established in dramatically less cases. Analysis of BA, AR, AD symptoms prevalence has revealed significant correlation between studied parameters and age. Symptoms of BA, AR prevailed in the older age group, AD in the younger one. There were no gender differences identified. Higher prevalence of BA and AR symptoms was recorded in urban residents, while the prevalence of AD in urban and rural areas was quite the same. Moreover, estimation of allergy symptoms prevalence revealed mild course of these diseases in schoolchildren of Chechen Republic.Conclusion. The study, conducted with ISAAC questionnaire, demonstrates high prevalence of allergy symptoms in schoolchildren of Chechen Republic, exceeding the official statistics. It requires particular attention from the healthcare system and improved diagnostic methods for allergies.

In order to assess the mortality and lethality rates of newborns in obstetric organizations of the North-Western Federal District in 2013–2019, a comparative analysis of official statistics data was carried out. It was found that in the North-Western Federal District in the period from 2013 to 2019, there was an almost annual decrease in newborn mortality rates. The overall decrease in mortality in maternity care organizations of the Federal District (from 2,5% to 1,9%) was mainly due to a decrease in mortality in obstetric hospitals of the first and second levels (respectively from 3,2% to 1,2% and from 1,7% to 0,7%), while most children died in perinatal centers, where the mortality rate has not changed in recent years (2013 – 4,1%; 2019 – 4,0%). The study showed a decrease in mortality rates in the subjects of the Russian Federation that are part of the federal district, except for the city of St. Petersburg. The average hospital lethality rate of newborns in maternity care organizations of the North-Western Federal District during 2013–2019 was in the range of 1,9%–2,0%, did not change significantly and corresponded to the national average. However, the level of hospital lethality significantly differed in individual subjects of the district – in more than half of them, the level of hospital lethality exceeded the average, while in others it was significantly lower. Thus, the decrease in the mortality and lethality rates of newborns in maternity care organizations indicates an increase in the quality of medical care for children in the North-Western Federal District. dicates an increase in the quality of medical care for children in the North-Western Federal District.