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Phase jitter modulation offers several advantages, such as a constant amplitude of the field (and therefore power transmission).

The commercial significance of ubiquitous chips, especially of radio frequency identification devices (RFID), and the advantages compared to other identification technologies, for e.g. the barcode, have been discussed in several papers. The passive RFID technology is mainly advanced by the increase of the operation distance and improvements regarding the operational reliability. In order to achieve these aims, the design of integrated circuits with an ultra-low power consumption and novel concepts for high-efficiency energy scavenging are an emerging task. This article deals with self-sustaining RFID devices, which use the RF power of the interrogator as an ambient power source. For high operation distances it is necessary to realize RF to DC conversion circuits, which can handle ultra-low-power levels. Thus, we present limitations and novel design approaches concerning rectification circuits at ultra-low power levels in the context of passive RFID systems at UHF frequencies.

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