Apremilast is one of the recent drugs that has been introduced for the treatment of this disorder and has been granted approval by the USFDA for treatment of the patients. The molecular formula of apremilast is CC₂₂H₂₄ N₂O₇S. Apremilast helps in increasing the level of intracellular cAMP. Apremilast alters many pro and antiinflammatory mediators like TNFα, IL -2, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-17, IL-23 and IFNγ. ABSTRACTPsoriasis is an autoimmune disease that affects more than one bodily system with predominantly skin and also joint manifestations affecting almost 2% of the world population that occurs primarily due to immune dysregulation. Apremilast is an oral, selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) enzymes. Inhibition of PDE-4 results in specific elevation of cAMP, an innately occurring intracellular secondary messenger that functions as a modulator of inflammatory responses. The drug is taken orally in strengths of 10, 20 and 30 mg. The drug may be a suitable alternative to different systemic therapies. Apremilast is a much-needed molecule for the treatment of psoriasis that is resistant to first line therapy and also useful in combination therapies.
Brodalumab, a human monoclonal antibody approved as a biological therapy for treating psoriasis. Due to its consistent results across several clinical studies in treating patients with plaque psoriasis, in 2016 it was first approved worldwide in Japan followed by US FDA approval in 2017 and the European medicines agency. Brodalumab, selectively binds with higher affinity to IL-17RA, thereby blocking the actions of IL-17A, E and F. This act as a novel mechanism to inhibit the inflammation, hyperproliferation, skin thickening and other clinical symptoms associated with psoriasis. The safety and adverse effects of Brodalumab were similar to other IL-17 inhibitors, frequently reported adverse events were nasopharyngitis, neutropenia, and candidiasis. The FDA has recommended a boxed warning for the suicidal tendencies that could occur among Brodalumab users. This review is an endeavor to depict the drug's mode of action, pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy as well as its current status among other drugs targeting IL-17.
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