The essential oils of Syzygium aromaticum were isolated from its buds and leaves by hydrodistillation. The oils were analyzed by high resolution GC and GC-MS. Twenty-eight and 35 constituents representing 99.9% each were identified from the bud oils of Indian and Madagascan origins, respectively. On the other hand leaf oil from Madagascar resulted in the identification of 22 constituents representing 99.9% of the oil. The major constituents in bud and leaf oils were eugenol and β β β β β-caryophyllene.

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The rhizome essential oils of Curcuma angustifolia from Central and Southern India were subjected to GC/ MS analysis, which resulted in the identification of 81 and 78 constituents, accounting for more than 95 and 99% of the oil contents, respectively. The major constituents in the rhizome oil from Central India were xanthorrhizol isomer (12.7%), methyl eugenol (10.5%), palmitic acid (5.2%) and camphor (4.2%), while the rhizomes oil from Travancore (Southern India) had germacrone (12.8%), camphor (12.3%), isoborneol (8.7%), curdione (8.4%) and 1,8-cineole (4.8%) as major constituents.

The leaves of Indian yew Taxus wallichiana, growing in Gulmarg, Jammu and Kashmir, on hydrodistillation, gave 0.025% oil on a fresh weight basis. GC and GC-MS analysis of the oil resulted in the identification of 62 constituents, representing 93.3% of the oil. The main constituents identified in the leaf oil were (E)-2-octen-1-ol (14.5%), n-pentacosane (8.1%), caryophyllene oxide (7.1%), 1-octanol (6.5%), hexanoic acid (5.5%) and (Z)-3-hexenol (4.1%).

The chemical composition of the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of staminate inflorescences of kewda (Pandanus odoratissimus L.) has been compared with the kewda oil from the local market. Both the oils were subjected to high-resolution GC and GC-MS, which resulted in the identification and quantification of 85 and 59 components, amounting to 98.7% and 98.6% of the total oils, respectively. The major components of the hydrodistilled kewda oil were 2-phenyl ethyl methyl ether (37.7%), terpinen-4-ol (18.6%), α-terpineol (8.3%) and 2-phenyl ethyl alcohol (7.5%), whereas the major constituents of kewda oil from the local market were 2-phenyl ethyl alcohol (33.2%), 2-phenyl ethyl methyl ether (16.1%), benzyl benzoate (11.0%), viridine (8.8%) and germacrene B (8.3%).