A BS T R A C T BACKGROUNDVaricose veins, though a common condition, many a times remains asymptomatic. During its course, the disease produces complications which usually make the patient to seek medical care. METHODSThis is a prospective study where 100 patients with varicose veins admitted in Department of General Surgery, SVRRGGH Tirupati, were evaluated. A thorough history was obtained, detailed clinical examination was done, and clinical tests were applied; patients were subjected to duplex USG to confirm the diagnosis. Routine investigations were done, and patients underwent treatment based on clinical and investigational profile. The post-operative course, follow-up was noted. The final outcome was evaluated by the information that was taken down in the proforma designed for the study. RESULTSMajority of the patients were in the middle age group and incidence is more in males. Great saphenous system involvement is more common, and the operative procedure performed commonly is SFJ flush ligation with stripping of LSV with incompetent perforator ligation. CONCLUSIONSMajority of the patients presented with combined perforator and SF incompetence. Surgical treatment with flush ligation and stripping of LSV appears to be best option for lower limb varicose veins with LSV truncal involvement.

BACKGROUND Many acute scrotal conditions can present in similar way, Testicular torsion is a true surgical emergency because, the likelihood of testicular salvage decreases, as the duration of torsion increases. Other conditions that present in similar way to testicular torsion include, torsion of appendix testis, epididymo-orchitis, trauma to testis, haematocele, strangulated inguinal hernia. METHODS This is a prospective study conducted at SVRRGGH, Tirupati for a period of 12 months and 100 patients satisfying the inclusion criteria were included in the study. RESULTS In present study, the most common condition is epididymo-orchitis (35%) followed by Fournier's gangrene (30%), pyocele (16%), haematoma (10%), torsion (8%) and scrotal wall abscess (1%). Doppler vascularity was absent in all case of torsion (100%) and increased in all cases of epididymo-orchitis (100%). All cases of epididymo-orchitis were treated conservatively. All cases of Fournier's gangrene underwent debridement. 8 cases of pyocele underwent unilateral orchidectomy and 8 cases were treated by incision and drainage. 8 cases of hematoma were treated by exploration and evacuation and 2 cases were treated by orchidectomy. 6 cases of testicular torsion underwent unilateral orchidectomy and contralateral orchidopexy. 2 cases underwent bilateral orchidopexy. Scrotal wall abscess was treated by incision and drainage. CONCLUSIONS The most common cause of acute scrotum was epididymo-orchitis. Early exploration is the gold standard treatment for torsion.