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A new method for repairing line defects during panel fabrication is described for highresolution thin-film-transistor liquid crystal displays (TFT/LCDs). This approach uses electronic means in conjunction with physical rewiring to supply the appropriate data signal to the undriven segment of an open data line. Active line repair is simple and inexpensive, with the capacity for repairing numerous line defects. We have successfully implemented this repair approach on 10.4-in.-diagonal, 157-dpi prototype TFT/LCDs. This method is particularly suited for lower-volume, largearea, high-resolution TFT/LCDs, which are difficult to produce with high yield. IntroductionManufacturing yields of thin-film-transistor liquid crystal displays (TFT/LCDs) have increased steadily over the past several years. Manufacturing capacity has also increased, approximately doubling over the past two years, and many companies are planning fourth-generation plants which will use glass substrates approaching one meter on a side. At the same time, there are efforts to expand the LCD market to include desktop and other high-performance

Low-power circuits and technology for wireless digital systemsAs CMOS technology scales to deep-submicron dimensions, designers face new challenges in determining the proper balance between aggressive high-performance transistors and lower-performance transistors to optimize system power and performance for a given application. Determining this balance is crucial for battery-powered handheld devices in which transistor leakage and active power limit the available system performance. This paper explores these questions and describes circuit techniques for low-power communication systems which exploit the capabilities of advanced CMOS technology.

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