The article reveals the importance of studying the formulaic style in the oral epic culture of Kazakh (Turkic) zhyrau of the 15-18th centuries. The purpose of the article is to identify the specificity of the formulaic language and the style of the epic tradition of these singers, as well as to show the degree of their knowledge, based on the principles of oral theory by M. Parry and A. Lord and their followers. Zhyrau are singers of the times of the Golden Horde and the foundation of the Kazakh Khanate. In the analysis of the ancient forms of their epic thinking; the genesis of genres, principles of performance and transmission of tradition, formulaic style plays a major role. The method of discourse analysis, system review, referencing, comparative analysis, and the methods of previous researchers were applied in the study. The novelty is that the formulaic style was first studied on the oral material of the zhyrau dated the 15-18th centuries, where stable units are represented by a formula – the basis of the epic style and an important means of the singer’s oral-style technique. The theoretical significance of the article and its relevance, is based on a broad discussion of oral theory, and at the same time on its effectiveness and efficiency in studying the Kazakh (Turkic) epic tradition. The practical value of the research gives its results in the analysis of language and style, the distinction of styles and genres of zhyrau from other bearers of Turkic poetic culture. The Parry-Lord formulaic grammar can be applied both for the study of Turkic languages and to the quality of artistic translation.

The article explores the formulaic nature of epic repetition in the oral tradition of the Kazakh Zhyrau XV–XVIII centuries. It manifests itself in its two main functions – expressive and pictorial. The main purpose of the article is to reveal the aesthetic and functional nature of epic repetition, to identify its features as a technical acceptance, and to trace its initial origins – rhythmed spells, suggestive magical realities, and its primary transformations. In the course of the research, we used historical-genetic, structural-semantic, hermeneutic methods and the method of the oral theory of Parry-Lord (oral tradition). The theoretical value of the methods used lies in the fact that they made it possible to reveal the genetic nature of epic repetition and the peculiarities of its functioning in traditional poetic art. The formulaic and stylistic patterns of various types of sound repetition – anaphora, verbal rhyme, monorym, rediff, etc. – were studied for the first time on the material of the individual author's oral poetry of Zhyrau of the XV–XVIII centuries. The practical value of the article and its justification lies in the writing of the monograph "The Poetic word in myth, ritual and ritual" and the preparation of a "Poetic Dictionary of the frequency of formulaic units" within the framework of the scientific project "Research of the artistic-determinative system, "formulaic stylistics" and grammar of poetry of Zhyrau XV–XVIII centuries. Frequency dictionary" (under the Program of grant financing of scientific and scientific-technical projects for 2021-2023 by the MSHE RK, IRN AP09261377).

In this article consider about the scientific contribution of Ch.Ch. Valikhanov to the Turkic epic studies, about his study of the epic culture of the Turks of Central Asia, Southern Siberia and the North Caucasus. The main place in it is devoted to the language, style and genre of the epic of the Turkic peoples, their poetic forms and their art of speech. The purpose of the article is to reveal the views and methodological approaches of the scientist in the light of the current oral theory of Parry-Lord, to identify their prospects and productivity. The practical value of the article comes from the scientific effectiveness of the works and ideas of the scientist in his analysis of oral poetic forms of folklore, stylistics and aesthetics. The main method of Ch.Ch. Valikhanov is holistic, that is, a view "from within the tradition itself" in its living process. This method did not exclude the comparative-historical, typological, systematic method, the method of analysis and revealed great prospects in the scientific study of the oral epic of the Turkic nations. The main conclusion of this article is that the first professional orientalist, ethnographer, historian, linguist Ch.Ch. Valikhanov is the founder of classical Turkic epic studies, the first collector and original commentator of its best samples. He brilliantly foresaw many directions of modern topical oral theory and world folklore and deeply understood the unique nature of the ancient Steppe knowledge, the mighty oral epic of the Turks of the North Caucasus, Southern Siberia, Central and Central Asia. For the first time, this integral epic Turkic tradition is described by him in all the genre and species richness. The historical and ethnographic approach of the scientist to the analysis of the epic art of the Turkic peoples is of valuable practical importance for oral theory and the humanities. Keywords: poetic form, oral Parry-Lord theory, tradition, formula style, Turkic epic, Steppe knowledge, initial foundations.

In this study, for the first time, the role of formula units in the organization of the style and genre of Kazakh zhyrau oral poetry of the XV–XVIII centuries is explored. The main goal of the paper is to study the poetic technique and formulary of zhyrau oral poetry, to identify and describe their connection with ancient historical and genetic sources: suggestion, magic and rhythmic incantations, as well as a description of their direct function – the organization of the style and genre of oral poetry. Formula-style units were studied for the first time on the material of the heroic poetry of zhyrau of the XV–XVIII centuries. For the first time in scholastic research, the Parry-Lord method of oral theory is also used, which attaches the most basic importance to formulas and poetic technique in the organization of the text.The historical-genetic and structural-semantic methods of studying the text were used, which made it possible to identify the patterns of emergence, development and functioning of the zhyrau art of the XV–XVIII centuries as traditional, but dominant, the types and functions of formulas and formula formations. The practical value of the paper lies in the further development of this method on the material of other carriers of the oral poetic culture of the Kazakh people, in writing the monograph ―Poetic Word in Myth, Rite and Ritual‖, dedicated to the oral poetic culture of the Kazakh people and prepared for publication within the Project of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan ―The study of the artistic-defining system, "formal stylistics" and grammar of zhyrau poetry of the XV–XVIII centuries. Frequency Dictionary‖ (under the Program of Grant Financing of Scientific and Technical Projects for 2021–2023 by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan), [ИРН AP09261377].

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