The article reveals the importance of studying the formulaic style in the oral epic culture of Kazakh (Turkic) zhyrau of the 15-18th centuries. The purpose of the article is to identify the specificity of the formulaic language and the style of the epic tradition of these singers, as well as to show the degree of their knowledge, based on the principles of oral theory by M. Parry and A. Lord and their followers. Zhyrau are singers of the times of the Golden Horde and the foundation of the Kazakh Khanate. In the analysis of the ancient forms of their epic thinking; the genesis of genres, principles of performance and transmission of tradition, formulaic style plays a major role. The method of discourse analysis, system review, referencing, comparative analysis, and the methods of previous researchers were applied in the study. The novelty is that the formulaic style was first studied on the oral material of the zhyrau dated the 15-18th centuries, where stable units are represented by a formula – the basis of the epic style and an important means of the singer’s oral-style technique. The theoretical significance of the article and its relevance, is based on a broad discussion of oral theory, and at the same time on its effectiveness and efficiency in studying the Kazakh (Turkic) epic tradition. The practical value of the research gives its results in the analysis of language and style, the distinction of styles and genres of zhyrau from other bearers of Turkic poetic culture. The Parry-Lord formulaic grammar can be applied both for the study of Turkic languages and to the quality of artistic translation.

La formación de jóvenes bien formados, capaces de convertirse en especialistas altamente cualificados en el futuro, referentes en sus profesiones, requiere de una orientación profesional, así como de un desarrollo del interés hacia ese sector ocupacional, desde la edad escolar. La correcta elección de una profesión según sus capacidades será importante tanto para el estudiante como para la sociedad. De acuerdo con esto, el objetivo de este proyecto científico es el estudio de las peculiaridades psicológicas en la elección profesional de los estudiantes de secundaria. Los autores describen las características de los métodos de investigación sobre los intereses profesionales de los estudiantes de secundaria relacionados con su orientación ocupacional y se exponen los resultados de los experimentos. Para la realización de la parte empírica se seleccionaron estudiantes de los grados 10 y 11 de las clases de la escuela nº 21 de Aktau y los estudiantes de primer año de la Caspian State University of Technology and Engineering, que lleva el nombre de Sh. Esenov. La importancia teórica y práctica de las investigaciones realizadas radica en la identificación de los aspectos psicológicos de las opciones profesionales y de los fundamentos teóricos de la orientación ocupacional de los estudiantes de secundaria. Los resultados de la investigación pueden utilizarse por profesores de escuela y profesores universitarios y familias.

The article discusses the problem of identifying a global intercultural discourse of communication participants, characterizes its parameters, and reviews strategies for its actualization. The purpose of the article is to build and justify a model of this discourse. The methods used in work include discourse analysis, modeling method (contrastive and comparative) analysis, transactional analysis, textual information analysis method, critical analysis, etc. Scientific results of the research: parameters of the global intercultural discourse are refined, its intercultural model is built, and discourses of the participants of intercultural communication are analyzed. The theoretical significance of the research lies in the development of a sample of global intercultural discourse that input in the theory of global discourse. The practical value of the work is that research results can be used both in the practice of intercultural communication and in the process of preparing monographs, textbooks, and training in the field of intercultural communication.

Objective: The problem of creating effective labour productivity is relevant for public and private sector organisations due to market volatility and determines important in addition to the introduction of optimal tools in the working process, the creation of the favourable environment in the staff team and as a consequence of the prevention of emotional burnout among employees. Background: In conditions of social and economic instability in the CIS countries and competition in the labour market in a wide range of specialities, it leads to the increase of competencies and requirements for employees of the industry, and as a consequence increases their responsibility to the society. Method: A retrospective research method was applied to identify cause-and-effect relationships and patterns between all components of the phenomenon of emotional burnout in the labour process. Results: In the course of the research, a standardised Professional Burnout questionnaire was used. Also, criteria and a grading scale were identified, the results processed using statistical methods in the SPSS 17 data processing programme. Conclusion: On the basis of the results of the research conducted, practical recommendations were formulated, the implementation of which will help reduce the level of emotional burnout among employees of the organisation

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