A wearable sensor can be used to make real-time measurements of sweat chloride within 15 min following sweat induction, requiring a small sweat volume, and with excellent agreement to standard methods.
Wearable sweat sensors have enabled real-time monitoring of sweat profiles (sweat concentration versus time) and could enable monitoring of electrolyte loss during exercise or for individuals working in extreme environments. To assess the feasibility of using a wearable sweat chloride sensor for real-time monitoring of individuals during exercise, we recorded and analyzed the sweat profiles of 50 healthy subjects while spinning at 75 Watts for 1 hour. The measured sweat chloride concentrations were in the range from 2.9–34 mM. The sweat profiles showed two distinct sweat responses: Type 1 (single plateau) and Type 2 (multiple plateaus). Subjects with Type 2 profiles had higher sweat chloride concentration and weight loss, higher maximum heart rate, and larger changes in heart rate and rating of perceived exertion during the trial compared to subjects with Type 1 profiles. To assess the influence of level of effort, we recorded sweat profiles for five subjects at 75 W, 100 W, and 125 W. While all five subjects showed Type 1 sweat profiles at 75 W, four of the subjects had Type 2 profiles at 125 W, showing an increase in sweat chloride with exercise intensity. Finally, we show that sweat profiles along with other physiological parameters can be used to predict fluid loss.
In today's culture of the medical profession, it is fairly unusual for students to actually witness physicians talking with patients about anything outside scientific explanation. That other side of medicinethe one that goes beyond explanation to understandinggoes unexplored, and the patient's personal narrative is consequently less understood. Meanwhile, though reflective writing is the most frequently used didactic method to promote introspection and deeper consolidation of new ideas for medical learners, there is robust evidence that other art formssuch as storytelling, dance, theatre, literature and the visual artscan also help deepen reflection and understanding of the human aspect of medical practice. The overall goal of the Bedside Education in the Art of Medicine (BEAM) project is to redress these issues through early interventions within the culture of the medical profession. By creating an arts-based humanities curriculum, we hope to broaden medical learners' understanding and shine a light on what it meansfor patients and cliniciansto be human, live well, experience loss, encounter disease, and engage in a therapeutic relationship. BEAM is envisioned as a modular, online resource of "third things" that any clinician anywhere will be able to access via a smartphone application to deliver brief, focused, humanistic clinical teaching in
Sarcoidosis is a rare cause of cardiomyopathy that can easily be confused for acute heart failure when pulmonary manifestations are absent. We present the case of a 41-year-old female presenting with dyspnea found to have ventricular arrhythmia on arrival at the emergency department. Cardiac magnetic resonance and computed tomography of the chest with contrast were performed, confirming the systemic sarcoidosis diagnosis with cardiac involvement.
Key Clinical Message
By reporting this case, we hope to emphasize the importance of maintaining a high index of clinical suspicion for the early recognition of RS3PE in patients presenting with atypical symptoms of PMR and underlying history of malignancy.
Abstract
Remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema is a rare rheumatic syndrome of unknown etiology. It shares qualities with many other common rheumatological disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and polymyalgia rheumatica, making diagnosis especially challenging. RS3PE has been speculated to be a paraneoplastic syndrome, and those cases associated with underlying malignancy have shown to respond poorly to conventional treatment. Therefore, it is advisable to routinely screen patients with malignancy and presenting with RS3PE for cancer recurrence, even if in remission.
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