Introduction: Diseases of upper gastrointestinal tract are responsible for a great deal of morbidity and mortality. The histopathological study of endoscopic biopsies permits exact diagnosis for further management.The aim of this study is to find out the histopathological pattern of endoscopic biopsy.Methods: A descriptive study was conducted in consecutive endoscopic gastric biopsies in a Hospital over a period of one year. The patient of all ages and both sexes who underwent gastric biopsy during the study period was included.Results: Endoscopic biopsies were studied on patients of age ranging from 20 years female to 84 years male. The histopathology revealed non-neoplastic lesions 54 (67.5%) and neoplastic lesions 26 (32.5%). Most common non-neoplastic lesion noted was mild chronic gastritis 22(27.5%) followed by chronic active gastritis 15 (18.75%) while H. pylori was present in 13 (16.25%) and absent in 2 (2.5%).Conclusions: Mild chronic gastritis was the commonest lesion noted in non-neoplastic lesions and adenocarcinoma was the commonest neoplastic lesion in the endoscopic gastric biopsies.______________________________________________________________________________________Keywords: biopsy; endoscopy; gastritis; histopathological.

To support the global restart of elective surgery, data from an international prospective cohort study of 8492 patients (69 countries) was analysed using artificial intelligence (machine learning techniques) to develop a predictive score for mortality in surgical patients with SARS-CoV-2. We found that patient rather than operation factors were the best predictors and used these to create the COVIDsurg Mortality Score (https://covidsurgrisk.app). Our data demonstrates that it is safe to restart a wide range of surgical services for selected patients.

Please refer to published version for the most recent bibliographic citation information. If a published version is known of, the repository item page linked to above, will contain details on accessing it.

No abstract

BackgroundVitiligo is a common pigmentary disorder of the skin, affecting individuals globally. Not only is this ailment psychologically incapacitating, it also has a high incidence of autoimmunity, signifying that its manifestations may be the portrayal of dysfunction of immune system. ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to find out the situations of abnormal thyroid function test (TFT) in vitiligo patients. MethodsA prospective cross sectional study was conducted at the Dhulikhel Hospital, KUTH, Dhulikhel during November 2008 to January 2011 with the objective to assess the thyroid function tests in vitiligo patients. ResultsTotal 66 vitiligo patients with male 30 (45%) and female 36 (55%). Total 26 (39.39%) vitiligo patients have been found to have abnormal thyroid function test. Among them 10 had abnormal T3, seven had abnormal T4 and 12 had abnormal TSH level. Thyroid function test were normal in other vitiligo patients. Total seven vitiligo had high level of T3 than normal value, four male and three female. Two had higher level of T4 above 2.0 ng/dl and all were male, while five had abnormally low level of T4 with three male and two female. There were seven vitiligo patient with increased T3 level and three with decreased T3 level, among them six were males and four were females, the age group was ranged from seven to 68 years old. The T4 level were found abnormal in seven vitiligo patients among which five were males and two were females with the age group ranging from 7 to 51 years. ConclusionsThere has been significant association of thyroid disorder in the patient with vitiligo. Therefore, patient with vitiligo need to undergo thyroid function test to rule out the thyroid disorder and prevent from long-term complications.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v9i2.6279Kathmandu Univ Med J 2011;9(2):7-10