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Water splitting using earth-abundant, low-cost, highly efficient, transition-metal-based electrocatalysts with high activity and stability is inevitable for sustainable energy development. Herein, a molybdenum (Mo) and phosphorous (P) co-doped highly efficient and durable electrocatalyst is grown on nickel foam (P-NiCo 2 O 4 /CoMoO 4 /NF, for simplicity G-3) for hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions (HER and OER, respectively). The dual doping of Mo and P prompts the formation of nanosheet array structures and modifies the surface electronic states, which subsequently enhance the active sites, facilitate the charge transfer, and accelerate the reaction kinetics. As a result, the G-3 sample requires a low overpotential of 78.7 mV and 248.6 mV to reach a current density of 25 mA cm À 2 for the HER and OER, respectively. Furthermore, a cell voltage of 1.729 V is required at 100 mA cm À 2 , and the catalyst demonstrates long-term stability of 54 h for overall water splitting.

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Dirhinus giffardii is an efficient and aggressive pupal parasitoid of tephritid flies, including Bactrocera cucurbitae. Here we report on the various biological aspects of Dirhinus giffardii, mainly host-age preference, potential as well as the survival of this parasitoid from the pupae of different ages and its in vivo release against Bactrocera cucurbitae. The emergence rate of parasitoids was higher in old pupae than in fresh pupae. Similarly, the lifespan and potential of parasitoids emerged from older pupae were higher than those emerged from younger ones. The parasitoids reared on older pupae significantly controlled melon fly infestation in vivo. These findings suggest that parasitoids reared on older pupae of B. cucurbitae have a greater potential regarding fecundity, parasitism performance and survival, as these parasitoids effectively suppressed populations of B. cucurbitae under greenhouse conditions.