One of the most important priorities for all countries with property beyond the Arctic Circle and territories located in permafrost areas is the development of special construction technologies and systems. The required conditions are met by insulation systems based on seamless insulation shells made of polyethylene foam. The study of the strength and performance properties of polyethylene foam and its combinability was carried out according to standard methods and using the methods of experimental design and the analytical processing of the results. The change in material properties at negative temperatures was determined based on the results of climatic tests, followed by an evaluation of creep under load. The evaluation of the effectiveness of the design solutions was carried out using special computer programs. It was found that the performance characteristics of products made of polyethylene foam (rolls, mats) meet the requirements for insulation materials used at temperatures down to −60 °C. The resulting material is moderately combustible, which must be taken into account when developing recommendations for its use in insulation systems. A nomogram has been developed that makes it possible to predict the properties of a material and solve formulation problems. Insulation systems were developed, and a visualisation of the thermal fields of the insulation systems of the external walls and ceilings of a building was carried out.
Insulation systems for buildings and structures imply the use of efficient thermal insulation products based on mineral wool, expanded polystyrene, expanded polyurethane, etc. For a long time, products from non-cross-linked expanded polyethylene were used as insulation for pipelines, reflective insulation, protection against air infiltration, etc. Modern technologies and engineering solutions allowed widening the field of application of non-cross-linked expanded polyethylene (NXLPE) as a construction insulation material. In particular, we can consider a complex of insulation systems for walls, floors and a pitched roof, which allows to form a fully insulating shell of a low-rise building, e.g. a cottage. The novelty of the patented technology Tepofol® and that of the material concerned in comparison with the known solutions is the development of a rolled material based on NXLPE (20 to 150 mm thick) with a lock joint, as well as the technology of seamless connection of individual heat-insulating cloths. The rolls of NXLPE are mechanically fixed to the frame and connected with the lock. One of the advantages of expanded polyethylene, which only few insulating materials possess, is the possibility of forming seamless insulating shells. The article considers a number of insulation systems based on the use of products from expanded polyethylene. In particular, these are the systems of insulation of the walls of frame buildings, the insulation of floors, as well as the insulation of logistics facilities and hangars.
The article presents the results of the implementation of promising areas of construction and construction of low-rise buildings. The problems of improving the environmental safety and financial stability of agricultural construction through the implementation of effective systems that provide energy conservation, the creation of comfortable conditions in the rooms are considered. It is noted that a factor that has been given special attention in recent years is the environmental safety of the materials used and the reduction of the negative load on the environment of systems using these materials. The article provides the rationale that the heat-efficient system should not only be based on the use of materials with low thermal conductivity, but should also suggest a reasonable minimization of the joints between the products included in the insulation sheath and between products and structures. In constructions with the use of polyethylene foam, seamless insulating sheath is formed, which has high thermal resistance. The low vapor and wind permeability and moisture conductivity of polyethylene foam makes it possible to dispense with the construction without additional vapor barrier and wind protection, which improves the performance of the casing and its durability due to the reduction in the complexity of manufacturing wall structures.
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