Mango fruit grading in Indonesia is still done manually with low capacity and less accurate results. A conveyor mechanism with a camera as an evaluation tool can be used to increase the capacity and accuracy of grading. However, the image quality captured by the camera decreases with a moving object. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of estimating mango quality parameters by image processing using images captured by a camera at different conveyor speeds. The results of the RGB color analysis of mango images captured from a moving conveyor at three different speeds were compared with the results of the same still images. The average error of the color analysis for low, medium, and high speeds were; red color index 3.56%, 4.76%, and 6.27%, green color index 2.39%, 3.66%, and 3.95%, while blue color was not considered due to its inferior compared to the red and green colors. For HSI color model, the results were; hue values 2.13%, 3.35%, and 3.56 %, saturation values 8.98%, 12.15% and 15.26%, intensity values 15.48%, 23.89% and 17.84%. Meanwhile, the estimated error rates for the projected area for low, medium, and high conveyor speeds were 2.34%, 2.83%, and 4.78 %.

The Indonesian government continues to ensure the availability of rice as a staple food through various programs, including optimization of paddy fields. Paddy field management is directed and encouraged more intensively by accelerating planting and minimizing idle land. The form of support and stimulation provided by the government to farmers is in the form of counseling and assistance, providing seed assistance, and facilitation of agricultural machinery and other facilities so that rice fields can be more intensive and productive. The study was conducted in Lebak Regency and Serang City, Banten Province from April to August 2020. Data and information were obtained through surveys and interviews with farmers, extension agents, researchers, and agricultural department officials. The research method used a systems approach based on soft systems methodology. The results of the study showed the acceleration of planting as an indicator of the optimization of wetland land in Lebak Regency and Serang City had been achieved as targeted. The role of the extension agents as a driving force was very decisive in the achievement of additional planting areas. The use of information technology, such as applications for monitoring standing crops, was very helpful for extension agents in detecting land to be planted, planting achievements, and reported data. The system of coordination and guidance between agencies and officers to accelerate planting was quite effective and efficient. Support and facilities for agricultural extension agents had to be improved to achieve accelerated planting performance.

Tangerang District is one of the rice producers in Banten Province. The intensification of rice production is one of the solutions due to the agricultural land conversion problem in Tangerang. The purpose of this study is to analyze the farmer perception about subsidized fertilizer and we also analyze the effect of land use and subsidized fertilizer for rice production at the farmer level in Tangerang. The data used in this study were collected through an interview survey using a structured questioner to 35 respondents in Tangerang in 2016. The data were analyzed using descriptive and quantitative analysis. The result showed that the farmers perceive that the availability of subsidized fertilizer is frequently rare especially for nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer. The study also shows the rice production at the farmer level was affected by land use, the application of subsidized urea fertilizer, the application of organic fertilizer, and the application of returning the straw to the paddy field. All of these significant factors on rice production were inelastic in the short term and long term. It is important to decrease agricultural land conversion and returning the straw to the paddy field to maintaining rice production in Tangerang.

Maize as the second major crop in Indonesia has an important role in the national economy. Maize production in Indonesia is potentially to be improved by the use of appropriate cultivars and cropping system. The aims of study were to evaluate the yield performances of high-yielding maize cultivars under two different cropping system. An RCBD field experiment using five high-yielding maize cultivars, namely NK212, P21, BISI 2, BISI 18 and Bima 14 were conducted at Banjar Sub-district, Pandeglang District, Banten Province, Indonesia from April to July 2020. The plants were arranged into a single row (70 × 25 cm; 5.7 plant m−2; J1) or double row (25 × 25 × 90 cm; 6.9 plant m−2; J2) cropping system. Plant growth, yield and yield components for each cultivars and cropping system were observed. Across the cultivars, the seed yield of J2 (1.34 kg m−2) was higher than that of J1 (1.71 kg m−2) due to higher number of plant m−2 that resulted greater ear number and seed number m−2. Even though J2 resulted smaller ear size (weight, length, diameter and seed weight ear−1) as compared to J1, but those were offset with greater ear number per m2 of J2. Across two cropping system, cultivar NK212 (1.75 kg m−2) was superior in seed yield, and followed with BISI 18 (1.57 kg m−2). All cultivars were consistently better under J2 than that of J1. We concluded that increasing planting density using double row cropping system, in combination with high-yielding cultivars resulted better seed yield, which is a promising way to improve maize production in Indonesia.

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