This article presents the final reflections of the Investigative-Intervention Team in Socially-Critical Psychology after almost three years of participative investigation-intervention with governmental and non-governmental organizations, victims and their families, and other members of communities affected by Colombia’s internal armed conflict. The central aim was to value and construct on-going and future processes of accompaniment and reparations. Given the intervening nature of the process, we simultaneously designed and evaluated various ways of jointly defining, framing, and building conversational processes and strategies as well as the encounters between participants. The process was important for the psychosocial teams, whose presence in the country in terms of providing attention to victims is rather recent, as well as for victims and actors from the legal community, who found ways of collaboratively presenting, participating, and defining the available psychosocial-legal needs, opportunities, and resources in order to encourage the processes of accompaniment and reparation. This learning process was critical to the organization of a national meeting of governmental and non-governmental organizations, victims, and academics that widened perspectives on and enriched our understanding of the context in which victims are attended. The process generated a series of reflections that we gather in this article under the heading lineamentos (guidelines) and in which we privilege the experience and understanding developed by team itself.
ResumenMenos del 30% de la población en Colombia está de acuerdo con que las parejas del mismo sexo adopten. Este clima de rechazo trae interrogantes sobre las experiencias de las familias homoparentales en el país. Debido a la importancia de los años preescolares para el desarrollo de niñas y niños, este estudio tuvo como objetivo describir las actitudes, percepciones de autoeficacia y prácticas de 53 docentes de prescolar en Bogotá, con relación al trabajo conjunto con los distintos miembros de familias homoparentales. El análisis de las encuestas revela preocupación ante la potencial victimización a la que pueden estar expuestas las hijas e hijos de estas familias. Así mismo, se encontró que, si bien afirman sentirse competentes, las y los docentes reconocen que con baja frecuencia implementan estrategias para construir climas escolares inclusivos. Los resultados permiten recomendar el desarrollo de iniciativas de formación para docentes para que, desde los primeros años de educación formal, los miembros de familias homoparentales cuenten con entornos afirmativos de la diversidad. AbstractLess than 30% of the population in Colombia agrees with same-sex couples adopting children. Given this climate of rejection, it is important to answer questions regarding same-sex parent families' experiences with systems such as schools. Due to the importance of preschool years in children's development, this study aimed to describe the attitudes, self-efficacy perceptions and practices of 53 preschool teachers in Bogotá towards working with same-sex parent families. The data analysis revealed concerns regarding the potential victimization that might affect children given their family structure. Furthermore, although teachers reported feeling mostly confident, it was found that they rarely use strategies to build safe and inclusive school environments. These results highlight the importance of working with teachers to create inclusive environments towards same-sex parent families from the very first years of compulsory education.
Este estudio se propuso comprender los significados que atribuyen profesores y estudiantes a las características que consideran prioritarias en un docente excelente (por ejemplo, experticia en la disciplina, ser buen comunicador) y las relaciones que establecen entre ellas. Se administró un cuestionario sobre características de docentes de calidad (Teacher Behavior Checklist) a 44 profesores y 37 estudiantes universitarios, de diferentes disciplinas (Ciencias, Derecho) y una entrevista semi-estructurada sobre las características esenciales para definir la excelencia docente. Igualmente, se empleó el análisis temático (Braun & Clark, 2006) como estrategia de análisis. Los resultados indicaron que los participantes consideran centrales tres características: ser comunicador efectivo; ser competente en su disciplina; y ser respetuoso con los estudiantes. Asimismo, tanto para profesores como estudiantes, la experticia en la disciplina no agota el concepto de excelencia, sino que otros aspectos de tipo relacional (respeto, comunicación) son igualmente importantes. Estos resultados coinciden con los planteados por otros autores latinoamericanos que utilizan modelos tanto inductivos como deductivos sobre la evaluación de la excelencia docente. Se recomienda que futuros estudios evalúen las concepciones de los estudiantes en diferentes momentos del año académico y cuenten con muestras más representativas de diferentes disciplinas que permitan establecer comparaciones por áreas del conocimiento.
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