Kulcsszavak: kisvállalkozások, munkahelyi tanulás, formális és informális tanulás, kapcsolati háló, kvalitatív kutatás This article investigates the process of workplace learning in small firms in a Hungarian context. The exploratory study focuses upon two small firm-specific factors having a crucial impact on workplace learning, namely the role of the owner/ manager and the role of networks in small firms' learning. Building upon 11 semi-structured qualitative interviews with owners/managers of small businesses, the study addresses three main research questions: (1) What specificities of workplace learning in small firms can be identified? (2) What role does the owner/manager play in shaping the learning environment in small businesses? (3) How can the owner/manager's networking activities contribute to effective learning in small businesses? The results suggest that, although often not addressed as learning, small business owners very consciously develop and manage the learning process and environment in their firms.
In a higher education institution, perceptions and values are split due to the emergence of subcultures, and market orientation is split into competitive, customer (student) and interfunctional orientation. This study seeks to shed light on the concept of market orientation in this context through a comparison of perceptions and values of market orientation in subcultures in a higher education institution in Hungary and consider avenues for potential best practice. Through a mixed method approach, subcultures are identified and are found to exhibit a combination of overlapping and disparate market-oriented values and perceptions. Market orientation is found to be a continuum and affected by an array of latent variables, such as level of support (institutional and collegial), attitudes to performance appraisal and extent of external focus. Management must tailor the initial message of a market orientation strategy to the shared values at the organizational level, and then adjust the message and incentives to each subculture. In this way, management can create an atmosphere of cohesion, whilst addressing diversity in subcultures.
A szerzők tanulmányukban tudásintenzív középvállalatok tanulási jellemzőinek a HR-gyakorlatokkal mutatott összefüggéseit vizsgálják. Az expanzív és korlátozó tanulási környezet koncepcióját használják fel, amely a munkahelyi tanulás folyamatának mélyebb elemzéséhez járul hozzá. Alapvetésük, hogy a tanulási környezet – expanzív vagy korlátozó – jellege dinamikus kapcsolatban áll a vállalat HR-gyakorlataival. Ennek elemzéséhez az esettanulmány módszerét alkalmazzák és az összefüggéseket két eseten keresztül mutatják be. Tapasztalataik szerint a tanulási környezet minősége nem feltétlenül van összefüggésben a szervezet tevékenységének jellegével, sőt közvetlenül nem hozható összefüggésbe az eredményes működéssel, és a tanulási környezetek típusainak egymás melletti létezésére is találtak példát.
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