The degradation of nutraceutical properties during processing of the fruits of feijoa (Acca sellowiana), and the characterization of seed oils, and volatile compounds were evaluated. In feijoa fruit dehydrated by a standard convective air process, the total phenols and total flavonoids declined 42%, and the antioxidant capacity determined by ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP declined 26% with respect to lyophilized fruit. In feijoa jam, the reduction of total phenols and flavonoids was 52%, and the reduction in antioxidant capacity was 72%. Vitamin C in the jam was also reduced by the processing. Feijoa seeds had 69.4% unsaturated fatty acids, mainly linoleic (46.2%) and linolenic (3.7%) acids. Behenic acid was also detected in the seeds but in small amounts (0.91%). The feijoa skin had 31 volatile compounds in two orchards with different climate, one in a tropical highland and the other in a temperate zone. The extraction yield was on average 0.45%. The major compounds in the essential oil of the feijoa skin were 3-hexen-1-yl benzoate, elixene, spathulenol, D-germacrene and alpha-cadinol. In general, the concentration of volatile oils was higher in the temperate zone.
La nochebuena (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Klotsch) crece de manera silvestre en los bosques tropicales mexicanos en forma arbustiva y con brácteas rojas llamativas y con menor frecuencia presenta brácteas blancas. El uso principal de la nochebuena nativa es el ornamental, poco se ha estudiado acerca de las propiedades nutrimentales o nutracéuticas de la planta. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el perfil de flavonoides y ácidos fenólicos presentes en los extractos metanólico-acuosos en brácteas de cinco variedades de nochebuena de sol para conocer sus propiedades nutrimentales y promover su consumo. Se utilizaron brácteas secas (0.5 g por muestra). La extracción de los compuestos se hizo a partir de una solución de metanol/agua (80:20 v/v). Se llevó a cabo un perfil de ácidos fenólicos y flavonoides por cromatografía de líquidos de alta resolución (CLAR) acoplado a un detector de arreglo de diodos. Los ácidos gálico y siringico fueron los que presentaron las concentraciones más altas en las variedades analizadas. El flavonoide rutina se encontró en altas concentraciones en todas las variedades, sin embargo, en la variedad Juan Pablo no se logró detectar floridzina y floretina. Estos resultados sugieren que las brácteas de nochebuena pueden aportar antioxidantes importantes al consumirse.
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