Arns, Cond. Ville de Montagne, qd 2, c. 12, 71680-357, Lago Sul, DF, Brasil. Á S. J. Mayo, Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AE, UK Á J. M. A. Braga (jmabraga@jbrj.gov.br), Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Rua Pacheco Leão, 915. 22460-030, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. Stromanthe bahiensis Yoshida-Arns, Mayo & J. M. A. Braga sp. nov. (Marantaceae) is described as an endemic to the Atlantic Forest coast of southern Bahia State in Brazil. It is similar to S.hjalmarssonii (Körn.) Petersen, which is restricted to Central America, but differs from it by the following characteristics: petiole 14Á70 cm long, leaf blade oblong-ovate to ovate-lanceolate, fertile bracts 18Á30 )2Á4 mm, narrowly lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, sepals 4Á6 mm long, corolla lobes 3.0Á3.5 mm long, outer staminodes 2.0Á3.5)1Á2 mm, pale bluish or purplish, callose staminode 2Á3 )1Á2 mm, cucullate staminode 2Á3 mm long and ovary hirsute. The new species is described and illustrated with diagnostic characters, taxonomic comments and remarks on its conservation status.

A new species of Maranta (Marantaceae) from the Brazilian Amazon is described and illustrated. This species belongs to Maranta subg. Maranta and has close affinities with M. linearis, from which it differs in its caulescent habit, absent petiole, pulvinus with deciduous tufts of erect trichomes on the adaxial side, very long inflorescence with many florescences, and longitudinally ridged ovary and capsule.

Stromanthe idroboi Yoshida‐Arns, Mayo & J. M. A. Braga, a new species from the montane forests of Colombia and Venezuela, is described and illustrated. Its morphological relationship with S. jacquinii (Roemer & Schultes) Kennedy & Nicolson is discussed. The description, distribution and a detailed illustration of the new species are provided.