This paper focuses on the statistical evaluation of various operating characteristics of electric buses. The data obtained for statistical evaluation come from practice. In this paper, we focus on electricity consumption—an important aspect of electric bus operation. The ambient temperature significantly affects electricity consumption. In this paper, we use applied mathematics—correlation analysis, we accurately identify the effect of temperature on the consumption of the electric bus. Our next goal was to define the relationship between the loss of energy from the battery and driving power. We used regression analysis to describe this relation. Our article also includes an example of the practical use of ANOVA analysis in identifying a statistically significant effect of a particular vehicle on average consumption. We also show results from previous research and compare two different types of electric buses in operation.

Development of electromobility depends on several factors. Framework conditions are usually defined at the national level, typically by government, but sometimes the national conditions are also affected by the European framework. The national framework has been developed in Slovakia in recent years in the form of a package of strategic documents that are successively practically realised. The problem is that the framework does not have an adequate response at regional and local levels. The development of electromobility in the conditions of the municipalities will have a relevant impact mainly on the infrastructure. Therefore, the municipalities would be prepared for the development of electromobility. Generally, it should be a document typically covering the medium-time period that defines measures of the municipality and is interconnected with other relevant municipality documents. The paper analyses the benefits and barriers of electromobility and typical car user behaviour generally and specifically in electromobility environment. Then the typical aspects regarding the development of Local action plan for electromobility are presented. Thereafter the process of the plan development and experiences gained during the plan development are described. Finally, the particular measures of Local action plan of e-mobility for Municipality of Senec are stated.

No abstract

In a smart city, sensors are essential elements—the source of up-to-date traffic information. This article deals with magnetic sensors connected to wireless sensor networks (WSNs). They have a low investment cost, a long lifetime, and easy installation. However, it is still necessary to disturb the road surface locally during their installation. All road lanes to and from the city center of Žilina have sensors that send data at five-minute intervals. They send up-to-date information about the traffic flow’s intensity, speed, and composition. The LoRa network ensures the data transmission, but in the event of failure, the 4G/LTE modem realizes the backup transmission. The disadvantage of this application of sensors is their accuracy. The research task was to compare the outputs from the WSN with a traffic survey. The appropriate method for the traffic survey on the selected road profile is a video recording and speed measurement using the Sierzega radar. The results show distorted values, mainly for short intervals. The most accurate output from magnetic sensors is the number of vehicles. On the other hand, traffic flow composition and speed measurement are relatively inaccurate because it is not easy to identify vehicles based on dynamic length. Another problem with sensors is frequent communication outages, which cause an accumulation of values after the outage ends. The secondary objective of the paper is to describe the traffic sensor network and its publicly accessible database. In the end, there are several proposals for data usage.

The article deals with conditions for the development of electromobility in the Slovak Republic at the national level and at the level of municipalities. The framework at the national level is analysed, consisting of a set of strategic documents adopted at the level of government resolutions, some of which are devoted more generally to alternative fuels. The strength of the documents varies, from the material referred as a recommended one, through the material required by the European Commission to an action plan with defined measures. The second part outlines a possible approach of a municipality to a changing framework at the national level. Experiences are presented as municipalities have grasped the issue of electromobility in their documents and an example of good practice where the whole national framework was taken into account comprehensively. Possibilities to improve the readiness of municipalities for challenges related to the conceptual solution of electromobility at the level of municipalities were identified.