Aim:The present review is done to analyze the serum vitamin D levels in different phenotypes of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Objectives: To estimate the serum levels of vitamin D in women with PCOS and without PCOS. To find out the distribution of different phenotypes of PCOS. To compare the serum vitamin D levels in different phenotypes of PCOS. Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome is the most common heterogeneous multisystem endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age. It is further divided into four phenotypes based on Rotterdam criteria. Vitamin D levels are known to be low among women with PCOS. Only limited literature is available related to vitamin D deficiency and the phenotypes of PCOS. This review has highlighted the phenotypes of PCOS and their correlation with vitamin D levels. Methods: An electronic search strategy was used to select the studies from different databases like PubMed, Google Scholar, SciELO, and ResearchGate. A combination of keywords like vitamin D, PCOS, and phenotypes of PCOS were used to select the studies. Inclusion criteria were studies in English, duration of search of 18 months, case-control studies and cross-sectional studies only. Results: Phenotype A was the most frequently found phenotype among the different phenotypes of PCOS. After analyzing the data, there was a positive association between vitamin D and PCOS. Obese women were more prone to have vitamin D deficiency. Women with vitamin D deficiency were found to have ovarian dysfunction and insulin resistance. But there was no strong consensus on the association between vitamin D and phenotypes of PCOS. Conclusion:We found a statistically significant difference in mean serum vitamin D levels among the women with PCOS and without PCOS. The most common phenotype was phenotype A and the least common was phenotype D. There was no significant difference in serum vitamin D levels in respect to different phenotypes of PCOS. Further studies with larger sample size in each phenotype are recommended to conclusively establish the variation of serum vitamin D level in PCOS, particularly related to phenotypes. Clinical significance: Vitamin D supplementation was found to be beneficial for women with PCOS.

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common heterogeneous multisystem endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age, with an ovarian manifestation of various metabolic disturbances. Based on Rotterdam criteria, PCOS is further classified into four phenotypes. Vitamin D deficiency affects 65- 75% of PCOS patients. There is very little research on the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and PCOS phenotypes. As a result, we intended to investigate the relationship between vitamin D, PCOS, and various PCOS phenotypes. This is a case-control study where we had been 100 people in the study. A total of 50 PCOS participants were classified into phenotype A, phenotype B, phenotype C, and phenotype D using Rotterdam criteria. There were 50 participants who did not have PCOS. Serum vitamin D levels were measured in the study population. The CIDRF (Central Inter-Disciplinary Research Facility) used an ELISA kit and reader to quantify vitamins. The results obtained were further classified as deficient (20ng/ml), insufficient (21-29ng/ml), and sufficient (30ng/ml). SPSS version 17 was used to analyse the results. The mean vitamin D level among women with PCOS was 15.9±9.3, women without PCOS was 20.5±9.2, the difference between the means was statistically significant(p-0.015). Among the participants with PCOS Phenotype A accounted for 36%, phenotype B 26%, phenotype C 20%, phenotype D 18%. The serum vitamin D levels among different phenotypes of PCOS was not statistically significant (p-0.978). There was no statistically significant difference in the mean vitamin D levels, among the phenotypes of PCOS (p - 0.978). Vitamin D deficiency was found to be more prevalent in women with PCOS in this study. In PCOS, it is recommended to screen for and treat with vitamin D. There is no significant difference between phenotypes.