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The objectives of this study are to identify the use of smartphone-assisted language teaching in the classroom and to explore its importance and advantages. Computers, mobile phones, etc. are introduced in the classroom and several studies are being carried out in this area. When compared to such studies, the present study focuses on the use of smartphones in language teaching and also explores its importance of it. For the present study data were collected from higher-educational institutions to identify the use of smartphones in classrooms using a structured questionnaire. 100 respondents participated. The findings of the study reveal that smartphone usage was found in classrooms and was useful for students.

The objectives of this study are to identify the Tamil educator and learner relationships through hybrid learning in urban and rural areas and to compare the Tamil educator and learner relationships through hybrid learning between urban and rural areas. Technology has become a part of life throughout the world. It has shrunk the world. People become closer and closer due to the invention of technology. It has become a part of all fields including education. Schools started using various methods of teaching and learning with technology. Computers, laptops, smartphones, tablets, and applications are some of the gadgets used in education. Online teaching, blended learning, and hybrid learning also came to exist. The findings of studies in hybrid learning explain that the cooperation of all parties including teachers is a factor in Tamil teaching with ICT. The new teaching method has influenced the involvement of students, high attendance rate, assignment delivery, and student behavior; the challenges and strengths of hybrid learning and the flexibility of hybrid learning. The findings of the present study show that there is a relationship between Tamil educators and learners in urban and rural Tamil schools which is the impact of hybrid learning. For the present study, data were collected from urban and rural schools in Perak State, Malaysia in which hybrid learning is implemented. The collected data were analyzed based on the two objectives of the study. The findings of the present study show that there are relationships between Tamil educators and learners in urban and rural Tamil schools which is the impact of hybrid learning.

In this study, the theory of sense phenomenology was applied to short stories, namely M. Navin’s Tamil short story collections. The first and second objectives of this research are also to identify and analyse the feeling of grief represented in M. Navin’s short stories. Researchers used Sohaimi Abdul Aziz’s theory of sense phenomenology, which he developed in 1998. Sohaimi Abdul Aziz combined two theories from west and east. Sohaimi combined the theory of sense from the east and the theory of phenomenology from the west which then emergence into sense phenomenology theory. Researches used a descriptive qualitative design to analyse the short stories. The researcher involved the method of text analysis and literature review in this study. The researcher used three collection of M. Navin’s short stories published in year 2015, 2018 and 2020 which titled ‘Mandai Oodi’, ‘Boyak’ and ‘Uchai’. The researcher focused on 25 short stories, to assess M. Navin wring work. The three short stories by M. Navin, show that theory of sense phenomenology is suitable and can express the feeling of characters in the short stories.

Human and Computer interaction has been a part of our day-to-day life. Speech is one of the essential and comfortable ways of interacting through devices as well as a human being. The device, particularly smartphones have multiple sensors in camera and microphone, etc. speech recognition is the process of converting the acoustic signal to a smartphone as a set of words. The efficient performance of the speech recognition system highly enhances the interaction between humans and machines by making the latter more receptive to user needs. The recognized words can be applied for many applications such as Commands & Control, Data entry, and Document preparation. This research paper highlights speech recognition through ANN (Artificial Neural Network). Also, a hybrid model is proposed for audio-visual speech recognition of the Tamil and Malay language through SOM (Self-organizing map0 and MLP (Multilayer Perceptron). The Effectiveness of the different models of NN (Neural Network) utilized in speech recognition will be examined.