The objective of current study was to determine the effect of different ratios of pomegranate peel in diets of Karadi lambs (0%, 1%, 2% or 4% as control, T1, T2 and T3, respectively) on body weight, total body gain, average daily gain, daily feed intake and apparent digestibility of nutrients. Sixteen Karadi male lambs weighing 23.29 ± 0.42 kg and 4.5-5 months old randomly divided into equally four treatment groups and individually penned for the period of 63 days. Results indicated that final body weight was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in lambs fed 1% or 2% pomegranate peel (PP) as compared to lambs fed 4% PP. The best improvements in total feed intake, total gain, average daily gain and feed conversion ratio (FCR) in lambs fed 1% PP. The total dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), ash, nitrogen free extract (NFE) and metabolizable energy (ME) intake per (body weight 0.75) increased (P < 0.05) significantly in lambs fed 1% pomegranate peel (PP); however, the crude fiber (CF) intake decreased in lambs fed 1% PP as compared to other treatments. While, the dry matter digestibility (DMD), crude protein digestibility (CPD), crude fiber digestibility (CFD) and nitrogen free extract digestibility (NFED) were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in lambs fed 1% PP as compared to T2, T3 and control groups. In addition, EED increased significantly in T3 compared to other treatments. In conclusion, it was indicated that addition of pomegranate peel in diet at the rate of 1% or 2% had significant effect on Karadi lambs performance and digestibility.

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Selenium (Se) or Zinc (Zn) supplementation on blood biochemical of twelve of Kurdi male lambs, aged between 3-4 months, average live body weight of (20-23) kg. The Lambs were divided randomly into three groups (4 lambs for each group). first group: control group (C) basal diet without Selenium or Zinc, second group-(T1): Selenium (sodium selenite) was added as 0.5 mg / kg of fed, and Third group-(T2): Zinc (zinc sulphate) was added as 100 mg/kg of fed. Selenium and Zinc were as given capsules daily for 90 days. Blood samples were taken from the lambs on the 90 days. The results showed no significant differences (P≥0.05) of the Complete Blood Count (WBC, Mono, Neut, RBC, HGB, HCT, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW-CV and RDW-SD) except Lymphocytes, had significantly different (P≤0.05) between the that added Se and Zn coefficients and the control group, there were no significant differences (P≥ 0.05) in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) between the supplementation and the control groups, the differences were significant (P≤ 0.05) in the level of Testosterone Hormone and Globulin between the supplementation and the control groups. There was no relationship between Complete Blood Count and Testosterone, Globulin, ALP and GGT. The results showed that the supplements selenium or zinc improved significantly of Testosterone hormone and Globulin in Blood Serum of Kurdi Male lambs.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of repeated freeze-thaw cycles on some electrolytes’ concentration (Na+, K+, Ca+ and Cl−) and thyroid hormones (T3 and T4), in the serum of Karadi sheep breed. This study was conducted on 18 male and female sheep (aged over one year) in two lines of Karadi sheep Jeshana and Jaff in Sulaimaniyah province. Blood samples were collected from each animal and allowed to clot for 45 to 60 min, then centrifuged at 3000 × g for 10 min to separate the serum. The serum sample was frozen at (-40) degrees and was monitored for 18 months. Serum sample analyzed after (18 months) of storage. Our result showed that repeated freeze-thaw cycling has significant and relevant increases of serum T4 (Thyroxine hormone) in both male and female groups without affecting T3 (Triiodothyronine hormone). Na+ and Cl- in both male and female groups showed a significant difference compared to the control group while the remaining electrolytes K+ and Ca+ didn’t show any relevant changes. This study has demonstrated that repeated freeze-thaw cycles do not cause changes in some biochemical constituents studied in sheep serum.

The purpose of present study was to determine the variations  in the levels of Selenium, Zinc, Iron, Copper, Molybdenum and Manganese in the serum of Kurdi sheep  and to compare the age difference in the levels of minerals between lambs and rams that are supplemented with Selenium and Zinc individually or their combination.It was on two experiences.The males of the Kurdi sheep from lambs and rams for four coefficients each as follows; First Treatment: (control) without adding, Second Treatment: added Selenium with a dose of 0.5 mg /kg fed,Third Treatment: added Zinc with a dose of 100 mg /kg fed, Fourth Treatment: added Selenium with Zinc with a dose of 0.5 + 100 mg/kg fed, then they were given gelatinous capsules daily for 60 days.Selenium and Zinc supplementation and their combination led to significant increase in the Selenium and Zinc concentration in the blood serum of lambs and Rams. Selenium, Zinc and their combinationsignificantly contributed to changes in the analysed minerals (Selenium, Zinc, Iron, Copper Molybdenum and Manganese).

Cow and sheep manure contains beneficial nutrients nitrogen (N) carbohydrates (CHO) and Organic matter (OM), and is therefore used as an organic fertilizer. However, the excessive use of manure can cause environmental problems and negatively affect human and animal health because these materials also contain large amounts of heavy metals, especially selenium (Se), nickel(Ni), cobalt(Co), tin(Sn), lead(Pb), and cadmium(Cd) To assess the potential risks due to increased concentrations of heavy metals in sheep and cow manure.The compost was collected from three different regions in Kirkuk, Diyala and Sulaymaniyah governorates in Iraq and Kurdistan Region where the results showed The content of cow and sheep manure of organic matter (OM), carbohydrates (CHO) and nitrogen (N) levels were normal, which are beneficial nutrients for soil and plants and used as organic fertilizer. The level of selenium, nickel and cobalt was higher in cow manure compared to sheep manure in all governorates. The level of lead and cadmiumwas higher in sheep manure in Diyala governorates compared to cow manure.