The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of Withaferin-A on red blood cell integrity during 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) induced oral carcinogenesis. The protective effect of Withaferin-A was assessed by measuring the status of glycoconjugates, membrane bound enzyme activity and red blood cell osmotic fragility. Oral squamous cell carcinoma was induced in the buccal pouch of Syrian golden hamsters by painting with 0.5% DMBA in liquid paraffin thrice a week for 14 weeks. The levels of glycoconjugates, membrane bound enzyme activity, osmotic fragility and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were analyzed by using specific colorimetric methods. We observed 100% tumor formation in DMBA painted hamsters. Increase in plasma glycoconjugates at the expense of red blood cell membrane glycoconjugates levels were observed in DMBA painted hamsters as compared to control hamsters. Erythrocytes from DMBA painted hamsters were more fragile than those from control hamsters. The activity of membrane bound enzyme (Na + K + ATPase) decreased whereas TBARS level was increased in DMBA painted hamsters as compared to control hamsters. Oral administration of Withaferin-A at a dose of 20mg kg -1 bw significantly prevented the tumor formation as well as normalized the biochemical variables in DMBA painted hamsters. Our results thus demonstrate the protective effect of Withaferin-A on red blood cell integrity during DMBA induced oral carcinogenesis.

Aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of Clerodendron inerme on cellular integrity by measuring the status of glycoconjugates, lipids, osmotic fragility, and membrane bound enzyme activity in 7, 12-dimethylbenz (a) anthracene (DMBA)-induced oral carcinogenesis. Oral squamous cell carcinoma was induced in the buccal pouch of Syrian golden hamsters by painting with 0.5% DMBA in liquid paraffin thrice a week for 14 weeks. The levels of glycoconjugates, lipids, osmotic fragility and membrane bound enzyme activity were analyzed by using specific colorimetric methods. We observed 100% tumor formation in DMBA painted hamsters. Altered glycoconjugates and lipid pattern were observed in DMBA painted hamsters as compared to control hamsters. Erythrocytes from DMBA painted hamsters were more fragile than those from control hamsters. The activity of membrane bound enzyme (Na + K + ATPase) decreased in DMBA painted hamsters as compared to control hamsters. Oral administration of aqueous leaf extract of Clerodendron inerme (CiALet) at a dose of 500mg/kg body weight significantly prevented the tumor formation and histopathological abnormalities as well as normalized the above said biochemical variables in DMBA painted hamsters. Our results thus demonstrate the protective effect of Clerodendron inerme on cellular integrity during DMBA induced oral carcinogenesis.

The present study aimed to investigate the membrane stabilizing effect of Thymoquinone (TQ) on cell surface glycoconjugates and cytokeratin expression against DMBA induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis. 0.5% DMBA painting (three times per week) in hamster buccal pouches for 14 weeks resulted in the formation of well developed oral squamous cell carcinoma. We observed 100% tumor formation with marked abnormalities of glycoconjugates status in tumor bearing hamsters as compared to control animals. Oral administration of TQ at a dose of 30 mg/kg body weight, to DMBA painted hamsters on alternate days for 14 weeks, reduced the tumor formation as well as protected the levels of cell surface glycoconjugates in DMBA painted hamsters. The present study thus suggests that TQ has potent chemopreventive efficacy as well as protected the abnormalities on cell surface glycoconjugates during DMBA induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis [BMB reports 2010; 43(10): 664-669]

The antigenotoxic effect of ferulic acid was carried out by evaluating the cytogenetic markers, the micronuclei frequency and chromosomal aberrations, in the bone marrow of hamsters in 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced genotoxicity. Genotoxicity was induced in experimental hamsters by single intraperitoneal injection of DMBA (30mg kg -1 b.w). Pretreatment of ferulic acid orally at a dose of 40mg kg -1 b.w for five days significantly reduced the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MnPCEs) and the percentage of chromosomal aberrations in hamster's bone marrow. Our results thus suggest that ferulic acid has potent antigenotoxic effect in DMBA induced genotoxicity in golden Syrian hamsters.

The ultimate aim of the present study was to exploring the chemopreventive efficacy of diosgenin on 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis. The chemopreventive potential of diosgenin was evaluated by measuring the tumour incidence, tumour volume and tumour burden as well as analyzing the activities of detoxification agents, levels of lipid peroxidation byproducts and antioxidants status by specific colorimetric methods. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) was developed in the buccal pouches of male Syrian golden hamsters by painting with 0.5% DMBA in liquid paraffin, thrice a week for 16 weeks. DMBA painted animals were indicating the morphological changes as depicted as hyperplasia, dysplasia and well-developed squamous cell carcinoma. Moreover, antioxidants and lipid peroxidation byproducts levels were drastically altered in DMBA painted hamsters. Oral administration of diosgenin (80 mg/kg bw) to DMBA painted hamsters on alternate days for 16 weeks significantly reduced the formation of oral tumour and normalized the above biochemical abnormalities. We conclude that the diosgenin is probably potent chemopreventive agent due to their antioxidant function in DMBA induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis.