This article is devoted to the uses of different Italian prepositions in expressionsdescribing the same fragment of reality, as exemplified by: una ragazza dai capellirossi and con una ragazza (i) capelli rossi, both referring to a red-haired girl. Situatingthe research in the field of Cognitive Grammar by R. Langacker (the relation betweena trajector and a landmark) and based on the conception of pre-cognitive schema, thefollowing hypotheses were verified: 1. preposition, as a relational category, reconstructsin a sentence the relation between the trajector and the landmark; 2. preposition, asa localistic category, illustrates the spatial and/or temporal mutual distribution of thetrajector and the landmark; 3. the ordering of the trajector and the landmark doesnot necessarily reflect the order of perceived elements: the element expressed aftera preposition can be a starting point to the perception of a scene; 4. differences inthe choice of prepositions express different ways to conceptualize the same fragmentof reality; 5. prototypical uses of prepositions refer to relational schemas and localisticpre-conceptual schema; 6.there exist asemantic uses of prepositions, as indicatedby language users’ preferences; 7. each preposition has its own semantic invariant.

The article focuses on a visual grammar project, a strategy which uses notions of cognitive and semantic schemes, the use of prototype and semantic invariant described by cognitive linguistics. The article also includes suggestions concerning the use of the method to teach the French subjunctive.

MAGDALENA SOWA , La grammaire au service de l'activité professionnelle : sélection, progression et agencement des ressources linguistiques dans les formations en français à des fins professionnelles .

In search of the invariant semantics of the preposition "da": a cognitive analysis of the predicative context -The purpose of this article is to verify whether the semantic invariant of the preposition da [starting point allowing physical or mental movement] in the nominal context remains valid in the context of the verb. The analysis of the content of predicates that link to the preposition da will help to answer the question of the extent to which the choice of a preposition is determined by the knowledge of the experienced activities and/or the predicate itself (its selective features) or if it is the result of convention.