The aim of the paper was to determine a correlation between the weight of a child's backpack, their body weight, and certain features of their body posture. Material and Methods. The study group consisted of 109 children, all aged seven years. The parameters of body posture were determined using the Zebris Ultrasonic System. Results. The number of children carrying a school backpack in accordance with recommendations was 44 subjects (40.37%). Statistically significant changes were found in the total length of the spine (Z = 2.223, p = 0.026) and between backpack weight and changes in the following parameters: the total length of the spine (r s = −0.3999, p = 0.017), the length and the angle of the lumbar lordosis (r s = −0.3352, p = 0.049), the angle of the lumbar lordosis (r s = −0.5065, p = 0.002), and the sacral angle (r s = −0.4279, p = 0.010). Conclusions. Wearing a backpack heavier than 10% of one's body weight can cause shallowing of the lumbar lordosis and a tendency towards a vertical position of the sacrum. Monitoring the weight of children's school backpacks and enabling them to leave books and notebooks at school would probably be beneficial in reducing the daily burden put on children's spines.
StreszczenieWstęp: Mała aktywność ruchowa, częste przebywanie w pozycji siedzącej i obciążenia szkolne sprawiają, że wady postawy ciała stały się zjawiskiem powszechnym.Cel pracy. Głównym celem pracy jest określenie czy istnieje związek między równowa-gą ciała, a wadami postawy w obrębie tułowia u dzieci w wieku wczesnoszkolnym.Materiał i metody: Do badań włączono 104 uczniów: 46 chłopców i 58 dziewczynek w klasach I -III. Do oceny postawy ciała wykorzystano System Zebris z oprogramowaniem WinSpine 2.3, a do oceny równowagi wykorzystano platformę Zebris PDM.Wyniki: W badaniach własnych uzyskano niskie korelacje. Dodatkowo stwierdzono pozytywny związek prawostronnej skoliozy ze średnim odchyleniem środka nacisku stóp w płaszczyźnie czołowej.Wnioski: Stwierdzono brak lub niskie korelacje pomiędzy parametrami postawy ciała, a parametrami równowagi ciała w badanej grupie. Słowa kluczowe:postawa ciała, stabilność posturalna, wady postawy, dzieci AbstractIntroduction: Low level of physical activity, frequent and long lasting sitting position and higher educational requirements make the postural defects more common.The main purpose of this thesis was to define the connection between body balance and postural defects in the body trunk.Material and methods: The examined group consisted of 104 Elementary School pupils: 46 boys and 56 girls in classes I-III. Zebris System with software WinSpine 2.3 was used to examine the body posture; to assess the balance Zebris PDM platform was used.Results: The correlation between the increase of right-sided scoliosis and the increase in the average deviation measure of the foot pressure in the frontal plane was observed.Conclusions: The lack of or low correlations between body posture and balance parameters in examined group were stated.
Purpose The purpose of the study was to investigate correlations between parameters of anteroposterior spinal curvatures in the sagittal plane, measured with the use of photogrammetric technique and inclinometer in healthy elderly women. Methods Randomized study involved 50 females, ranging from 50 to 70 years of age (mean 62.26 ± 6.94); mean body mass index (BMI) 27.69 ± 4.79. The examined parameters included angle of inclination in lumbosacral spine (ALFA), thoracolumbar transition (BETA), upper thoracic segment (GAMMA), angle of lumbar lordosis (LLA) and thoracic kyphosis (TKA). Results obtained with gravitational inclinometer were compared with those identified with photogrammetry method. Statistical analyses were performed with Mann-Whitney U test, regression analysis and Bland-Altman analysis. Results In Mann-Whitney U test, with correction due to continuity, no statistically significant differences for any variable were found. Regression analysis was significant only for the variable of BETA angle. Bland-Altman coefficient for the respective angles was: ALFA 2.0%, BETA 4%, GAMMA 0%, LLA 2% and TKA 0%. Conclusions The results acquired with gravitational inclinometer and with photogrammetric technique are comparable, as the parameters of anteroposterior spinal curvatures acquired with these two methods are found to be compatible in the case of measurements of lumbar lordosis and thoracic kyphosis.
STRESZC ZE NIE Wstęp. Me to da fo to gra me trycz na oraz po mia ry in kli no me trycz ne są czę sto sto so wa ny mi spo so ba mi oce ny przed nio -tyl nych krzy wizn krę go słu pa. Me to dy te wy ko rzy sty wa ne są do pro wa dze nia ba dań kli nicz nych, jak i przesie wo wych. Ce lem pra cy jest po rów na nie pa ra me trów opi su ją cych krzy wi zny przed nio -tyl ne krę go słu pa w po miarze me to dą fo to gra me trycz ną i in kli no me trycz ną.Ma te riał i me to dy. Do ba dań włą czo no 341 dzie ci (169 dziew czy nek i 172 chłop ców) w wie ku 4-9 lat ze szkół pod sta wo wych i przed szko li gmi ny Rze szów. U ka żde go z ba da nych wy ko na no po miar krzy wizn przed nio -tyl nych krę go słu pa metodą inklinometryczną oraz me to dą fo to gra me trycz ną.Wy ni ki. W po rów na niu ką ta α w ba da niu in kli no me trycz nym i fo to gra me trycz nym wy ka za no ró żni ce istot ne staty stycz nie w te ście t -Stu den ta (p=0,017) oraz Fi she ra Sne de co ra (p=0,0001). Po dob nie w przy pad ku ką ta β, gdzie test t -Stu den ta (p=0,0001) oraz Fi she ra Sne de co ra (p=0,007) wy ka zu je istot ne ró żni ce w po mia rze ką ta obie ma meto da mi. W przy pad ku ką ta γ wy ka za no ró żni ce po mię dzy po mia ra mi w te ście t -Stu den ta (p=0,0001), na to miast ró -żnic istot nych sta ty stycz nie nie wy ka za no w te ście Fi she ra Sne de co ra (p=0,22).Wnio ski. 1. Po miar na chy le nia po szcze gól nych od cin ków krę go słu pa wy ko na ny me to dą fo to gra me trycz ną i in klino me trycz ną na tej sa mej gru pie wy ka zu je ró żni ce istot ne sta ty stycz nie. 2. Po mia ry wy ko na ne me to dą fo to gra metrycz ną i in kli no me trycz ną nie mo gą być po rów ny wa ne po mię dzy so bą. 3. Ba da nia nad zgod no ścią po mia rów krzy wizn przed nio -tyl nych krę go słu pa z wy ko rzy sta niem do stęp nej apa ra tu ry po mia ro wej wy ma ga ją po sze rze nia i kon ty nu acji.Słowa kluczowe: postawa ciała, metoda fotogrametryczna, inklinometr SUMMARY Background. The photogrammetric method and inclinometer-based measurements are commonly employed to assess the anteroposterior curvatures of the spine. These methods are used both in clinical trials and for screening purposes. The aim of the study was to compare the parameters used to characterise the anteroposterior spinal curvatures as measured by photogrammetry and inclinometry.Material and methods. The study enrolled 341 subjects: 169 girls and 172 boys, aged 4 to 9 years, from kindergartens and primary schools in Rzeszów. The anteroposterior spinal curvatures were examined by photogrammetry and with a mechanical inclinometer.Results. There were significant differences in the α angle between the inclinometric and photogrammetric assessment in the Student t test (p=0.017) and the Fisher Snedecor test (p=0.0001), with similar differences in the β angle (Student's t p=0.0001, Fisher Snedecor p=0.007). For the γ angle, significant differences were revealed with Student's t test (p=0.0001), but not with the Fisher Snedecor test (p = 0.22).Conclusions. 1. Measurements of i...
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