STRESZC ZE NIE Wstęp. Me to da fo to gra me trycz na oraz po mia ry in kli no me trycz ne są czę sto sto so wa ny mi spo so ba mi oce ny przed nio -tyl nych krzy wizn krę go słu pa. Me to dy te wy ko rzy sty wa ne są do pro wa dze nia ba dań kli nicz nych, jak i przesie wo wych. Ce lem pra cy jest po rów na nie pa ra me trów opi su ją cych krzy wi zny przed nio -tyl ne krę go słu pa w po miarze me to dą fo to gra me trycz ną i in kli no me trycz ną.Ma te riał i me to dy. Do ba dań włą czo no 341 dzie ci (169 dziew czy nek i 172 chłop ców) w wie ku 4-9 lat ze szkół pod sta wo wych i przed szko li gmi ny Rze szów. U ka żde go z ba da nych wy ko na no po miar krzy wizn przed nio -tyl nych krę go słu pa metodą inklinometryczną oraz me to dą fo to gra me trycz ną.Wy ni ki. W po rów na niu ką ta α w ba da niu in kli no me trycz nym i fo to gra me trycz nym wy ka za no ró żni ce istot ne staty stycz nie w te ście t -Stu den ta (p=0,017) oraz Fi she ra Sne de co ra (p=0,0001). Po dob nie w przy pad ku ką ta β, gdzie test t -Stu den ta (p=0,0001) oraz Fi she ra Sne de co ra (p=0,007) wy ka zu je istot ne ró żni ce w po mia rze ką ta obie ma meto da mi. W przy pad ku ką ta γ wy ka za no ró żni ce po mię dzy po mia ra mi w te ście t -Stu den ta (p=0,0001), na to miast ró -żnic istot nych sta ty stycz nie nie wy ka za no w te ście Fi she ra Sne de co ra (p=0,22).Wnio ski. 1. Po miar na chy le nia po szcze gól nych od cin ków krę go słu pa wy ko na ny me to dą fo to gra me trycz ną i in klino me trycz ną na tej sa mej gru pie wy ka zu je ró żni ce istot ne sta ty stycz nie. 2. Po mia ry wy ko na ne me to dą fo to gra metrycz ną i in kli no me trycz ną nie mo gą być po rów ny wa ne po mię dzy so bą. 3. Ba da nia nad zgod no ścią po mia rów krzy wizn przed nio -tyl nych krę go słu pa z wy ko rzy sta niem do stęp nej apa ra tu ry po mia ro wej wy ma ga ją po sze rze nia i kon ty nu acji.Słowa kluczowe: postawa ciała, metoda fotogrametryczna, inklinometr SUMMARY Background. The photogrammetric method and inclinometer-based measurements are commonly employed to assess the anteroposterior curvatures of the spine. These methods are used both in clinical trials and for screening purposes. The aim of the study was to compare the parameters used to characterise the anteroposterior spinal curvatures as measured by photogrammetry and inclinometry.Material and methods. The study enrolled 341 subjects: 169 girls and 172 boys, aged 4 to 9 years, from kindergartens and primary schools in Rzeszów. The anteroposterior spinal curvatures were examined by photogrammetry and with a mechanical inclinometer.Results. There were significant differences in the α angle between the inclinometric and photogrammetric assessment in the Student t test (p=0.017) and the Fisher Snedecor test (p=0.0001), with similar differences in the β angle (Student's t p=0.0001, Fisher Snedecor p=0.007). For the γ angle, significant differences were revealed with Student's t test (p=0.0001), but not with the Fisher Snedecor test (p = 0.22).Conclusions. 1. Measurements of i...

Background and Study Aim. To evaluate anterior-posterior spine curvatures and incidence of sagittal defects in children and adolescents practicing traditional Karate. Material and Methods. 152 people aged 6-16 yrs, mean age 10.5±3.03. The study group (SG), subjects attending traditional Karate classes for min one year, 60 minutes twice a week (76 people). The control group (CG) randomly selected on 1:1 basis to match SG. The anterior-posterior curvatures were measured with a gravitational inclinometer. Sauder’s norms were used to assess postural defects. Body mass, height, and BMI were measured. Mann-Whitney U-test/Student’s t-test for independent variables, χ2 test, and Cramer V test were used in statistical analysis. Results. Significant differences were observed between the groups in lumbosacral inclination ALPHA1 p<0.001; karateka had significantly lower ALPHA 1 and greater thoracic inclination (GAMMA TH/L) p=0.23. In study group, lumbosacral angle flattening (ALPHA 2) (81.6%) was greater than in CG (56.6%). ALPHA 2 (43.4%) was more frequently within the norm in CG. Increased ALPHA 2 was reported only among SG (2.6%). Differences were statistically significant (χ2 (2) = 15.23 p<0.001) and of moderate power (Cramer V=0.31). Regarding thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups. Conclusions. Traditional Karate affects pelvic tilt leading to posterior tilt; it correlates with somatic parameters: height, mass, and BMI in terms of spine curvatures. The size of the lumbar lordosis and thoracic kyphosis in karatekas is comparable to that of those not practicing sport. Frequent incidence of reduced pelvic tilt in karatekas requires implementing exercises activating anterior tilt during training session.

Mrozkowiak Mirosław. An attempt to determine the difference in the impact of loading with the mass of school supplies carried using the left-and right-hand thrust on body posture of 7-year-old pupils of both genders.

BackgroundHumans are exposed to various stimuli which lead to somatic modifications and changes in body posture, negatively affecting many of its characteristics. The purpose of this study was to assess significant alterations which occurred in selected morphological features and spinal curvatures in children and adolescents over a period of 40 years.Material/MethodsThe total of 7041 subjects, aged 4–18 years (mean age 11.3 years) were included in the study, which was designed to compare measurements performed in year 1959 (Group 1, n=3235 individuals) and in year 2003 (Group 2, n=3806 individuals). The children were examined for body height, body mass, as well as thoracic and lumbar curvatures. In 1959, the measurements were carried out using a spherodorsimeter, while in 2003, the CQ System photogrammetry was used, producing corresponding results. The Mann-Whitney U test and the Student’s t-test were used for statistical analysis.ResultsThe findings showed a significant decrease in the angle of lumbar lordosis and in sacral inclination as well as an increase in body height and mass, particularly in prepubertal children. On the other hand, the angle of thoracic kyphosis and the partial angles of physiological spinal curvatures changed only to a small degree over the 40-year period.ConclusionsThis study provides evidence related to changes which occurred during the relevant period of over 40 years, namely a decrease in both the angle of lumbar lordosis and the sacral inclination angle, as well as an increase in body height and mass. These changes should be taken into consideration in selecting norms and standards applied in healthcare services, and the findings suggest it is necessary to regularly update such standards.

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