Background: COVID-19 infection caused by SARS-COV-2 can result in multi-organ injuries and significant mortality in severe and critical patients, particularly those with type 2 diabetes as a comorbidity. Metformin and insulin are the main diabetes medications that affect the outcome of patients with COVID-19. Objective: The purpose of our study was to find out the features of the hematological indicators of patients with COVID-19 patients and type 2 diabetes. Methods: This is a retrospective study of the hospital confirmed COVID-19 patients between January to March 2022, who were admitted to Transcarpathian Regional Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital (Uzhhorod, Ukraine). Results: The effect of type 2 diabetes, metformin, and insulin on COVID-19 were analyzed, respectively. Demographics and blood laboratory indices were collected. In patients who took metformin, the level of CRP was significantly lower than in patients who did not take metformin (24 mg/L [IQR 15 - 58] vs 52 mg/L, [IQR 22–121], P = 0.046). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that pre-admission metformin use may benefit COVID-19 patients with type 2 diabetes.

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The aim of our work was to investigate the peculiarities of hematological indicators in patients with COVID-19 depending on the variant of SARS-CoV-2. A retrospective study of the electronic medical records of 19 patients with the delta variant (7 patients had comorbidity with type 2 diabetes (T2D); 12 patients without T2D - control group) and 46 patients with the omicron variant (26 patients had comorbidity with T2D; 20 patients without T2D - control group). No statistically significant differences were found in gender, the number of leukocytes, lymphocytes, and granulocytes in peripheral blood, C-reactive protein, and D-dimer. The results also showed a significant difference in procalcitonin level and monocyte count in patients with delta variant and T2D. A predictive model was developed using binary logistic regression to determine the SARS-CoV-2 variant based on hematological parameters (sensitivity - 76.5%, specificity - 84.8%). Thus, the peculiarities of hematological indicators of patients with T2D depending on the variant of SARS-CoV-2 (delta or omicron) were established.