In this study, more than half of the patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 had at least one pathologically increased antibody titer apart from diabetes without clinical sign of an additional AIEK. 31% of patients with increased antibodies presented with symptoms of another AIEK (increase by 3.6% within 1 year). Patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 should be screened for other AIEKs. Thyropathy had the greatest prevalence and increased by 3.5% within 1 year's time.

Background: Positive associations have been found between quality of life, emotion regulation strategies, and heart rate variability (HRV) in people without intellectual disabilities. However, emotion regulation and HRV have rarely been investigated in people with intellectual disabilities. Assessment of subjectively reported quality of life and emotion regulation strategies in this population is even more difficult when participants are also visually impaired. Methods: Subjective and objective quality of life, emotion regulation strategies, and HRV at rest were measured in a sample of people with intellectual disabilities and concomitant impaired vision (N = 35). Heart rate was recorded during a 10 min resting period. For the assessment of quality of life and emotion regulation, custom made tactile versions of questionnaire-based instruments were used that enabled participants to grasp response categories. Results: The combined use of reappraisal and suppression as emotion regulation strategies was associated with higher HRV and quality of life. HRV was associated with objective quality of life only. Emotion regulation strategies partially mediated the relationship between HRV and quality of life. Conclusions: Results replicate findings about associations between quality of life, emotion regulation, and HRV and extend them to individuals with intellectual disabilities. Furthermore, this study demonstrated that quality of life and emotion regulation could be assessed in such populations even with concomitant impaired vision with modified tactile versions of established questionnaires. HRV may be used as a physiological index to evaluate physical and affective conditions in this population.

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Originalarbeit 442 Hunger-Battefeld W et al. Autoimmunthyreopathie bei Patienten … Diabetologie 2012; 7: 442-449 Zusammenfassung ! Problemstellung: Bei Patienten mit Diabetes mellitus Typ 1 (Dm1) treten gehäuft weitere endokrine Autoimmunerkrankungen auf, wobei die Autoimmunthyreopathie als die häufigste assoziierte endokrine Autoimmunerkrankung bei Patienten mit Dm1 beschrieben wird. Dieser Zusammenhang sollte in einer nicht selektionierten Patientenpopulation mit Dm1 untersucht werden. Patienten und Methoden: Es wurden die Präva-lenz pathologischer Autoantikörpertiter (Anti-TPO bzw. MAK, TAK, TRAK) und das Auftreten einer klinisch manifesten Autoimmunthyreopathie (AIT) (Hypothyreose bei Autoimmunthyreoiditis oder Hyperthyreose bei Morbus Basedow) bei allen Patienten mit Dm1 untersucht, die sich 2004 und 2009 ambulant in der Diabetessprechstunde der Universität Jena vorstellten. Ergebnisse: 218 Patienten mit Dm1 (Alter 45 ± 14 J; BMI 26 ± 4 kg/m 2 , Diabetesdauer 17 J [0 -67], Manifestationsalter 26 ± 15 J [1 -66], HbA1c 7,6 ± 1,1 % [NB 3,8 -5,5]) wurden eingeschlossen. Pathologische Autoantikörpertiter zeigten 50 % (n = 109). Eine manifeste Hypothyreose zeigten 23,9 % und ein Morbus Basedow 7,3 %. Patienten mit AIT zeigten im Vgl. zu Patienten mit Normalbefund keine signifikanten Unterschiede bzgl. Alter, BMI, Diabetesdauer, Dm1-Manifestationsalter, HbA1c. Von den 68 Pat. (31,2 %) mit AIT lag lediglich bei 11,8 % (n = 8) eine AIT vor Diabetesmanifestation (AIT 3 J [0 -11] vor Dm1-Manifestation) vor. Bei 88,2 % (n = 60) manifestierte sich die AIT erst im Median 16 J (1 -64) nach dem Dm1, Frauen mit Dm1 zeigten signifikant häufiger eine AIT als Männer (40,3 vs. 19,1 %, p < 0,001). Dabei lag bei Frauen sowohl die Prävalenz einer immunogenen Hypothyreose (29,8 vs. 16,0 %, p < 0,05) als auch die Prävalenz eines Morbus Basedow (15,5 vs. 3,2 %, p < 0,05) signifikant höher als bei Männern. Zusammenfassung: Die hohe Prävalenz einer AIT bei Dm1 wurde aufgezeigt, wobei die AIT sich in Abstract !Background: Patients with diabetes type 1 (Dm1) have a higher prevalence for other endocrine autoimmune diseases. Among these, autoimmune thyroiditis is considered the most frequent concomitant additional endocrine disease. The aim of the following study was, to further examine this connection in an unselected patient sample with Dm1. Patients and methods: The prevalence of pathological autoantibodies (TPO, MAb, TAb, TRAb) and the incidence of a clinical manifest autoimmune thyropathy (AIT) (hypothyreoidism due to autoimmune thyroid disease or hyperthyroidism due to Grave's disease) in all patients with Dm1 were examined. Those presented as out-patients in the diabetes clinic in the years 2004 and 2009 at the university Jena. Results: 218 patients with Dm1 were included (age 45 ± 14 years, BMI 26 ± 4 kg/m 2 , diabetes duration 17 years [0 -67], age of diabetes manifestation 26 ± 15 years [1 -66], HbA1c 7.6 ± 1.1 % ). Pathologically elevated autoantibody titre showed 50 % (n = 109). A clinically manifest hypothyroidism was present i...