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✓ The acute change in short-term verbal memory following ventrolateral thalamotomy in patients with dyskinesia was measured by the technique of Peterson and Peterson. Performance on this test of short-term verbal memory deteriorated following left but not right ventrolateral thalamotomy. This deterioration could not be accounted for solely by disturbance in speech mechanisms after left thalamotomy (although these were present), but may be related to disturbance in retrieval mechanisms of short-term verbal memory. The relative magnitude of this deterioration in performance after left thalamotomy could be partially predicted at the time of operation by some of the effects of electrical stimulation of the ventrolateral thalamus on the same test. A large decrease in recall errors with stimulation during the presentation of material to be later recalled, and a small increase in recall errors with stimulation at the time of recall, correlated with little disturbance of short-term verbal memory following left thalamotomy.

No abstract

The present experiment examined the enhancement of saccharin consumption observed after a temporary shift to water. An 8-day adaptation period of continuous access to saccharin was used. It was found that the avidity of albino rats for saccharin. as measured by daily consumption, can be increased significantly both by periods of saccharin deprivation and by social living conditions.

Although serotonin, testosterone, and genes contribute to sociopathy, the relationships are probably indirect and subject to modifiers (e.g., present only under certain conditions of rearing and temperament). Age at menarche may be a marker variable as well as a causal factor. Since the genders differ in all four areas, sex differences in sociopathy represent a very complex interaction of these factors.