In recent deuterium experiments on the Large Helical Device (LHD), we succeeded in expanding the temperature domain to higher regions for both electron and ion temperatures. Suppression of the Energetic particle driven resistive InterChange mode (EIC) by a moderate electron temperature increase is a key technique to extend the high temperature domain of LHD plasmas. We found a clear isotope effect in the formation of the Internal Transport Barrier (ITB) in high temperature plasmas. A new technique to measure the hydrogen isotope fraction was developed in the LHD in order to investigate the behavior of the isotope mixing state. The technique revealed that the non-mixing and the mixing states of hydrogen isotopes can be realized in plasmas. In deuterium plasmas, we also succeeded simultaneously realizing the formation of the Edge Transport Barrier (ETB) and the divertor detachment. It is found that Resonant Magnetic Perturbation (RMP) plays an important role in the simultaneous formation of the ETB and the detachment. Contributions to fusion reactor development from the engineering point of view, i.e. Negative-ion based Neutral Beam Injector (N-NBI) research and the mass balance study of tritium, are also discussed

Using in vivo microfocus computed tomography (micro-CT) and tissue sections, we evaluated bone regeneration in non-critical-sized rat calvarial flat bone defects during systemic administration of lactoferrin (LF). Ten 11-week-old male Fischer rats were used. Non-critical-sized calvarial bone defects (diameter, 2.7 mm) were trephined into the dorsal parietal bone on both sides of the midsagittal suture, and a collagen sponge soaked in saline was placed on each side. LF was injected intraperitoneally every day, starting on the day of the operation (day 0; groups: control, 10 mg/kg LF, 100 mg/kg LF). Micro-CT imaging was performed repeatedly from 1 to 4 weeks after surgery. The defect sites were then removed, along with surrounding bone and soft tissues, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. During weeks 1-4, micro-CT showed a significant difference in reossification ratio between the controls and the 100 mg/ kg LF group. Histological analysis revealed that there were more osteoblast-like cells around the bony rim in the 100 mg/kg group than in the control group. In summary, micro-CT and histological analyses showed that systemic administration of LF accelerated bone regeneration in non-critical-sized rat calvarial bone defects. (J Oral Sci 55, 343-348, 2013) Keywords: lactoferrin; bone regeneration; non-criticalsized rat calvarial flat bone defect.

These results indicate that the higher the dose of intermittent PTH administered, the greater the amount of bone formation beyond the skeletal envelop in the rat calvarium.