No abstract

The public transport sector worldwide experienced the worst impact in recent history, in terms of ridership loss, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic negatively affected passengers' perceptions of public transport and is likely to make a lasting impact on ridership, trip patterns, and modal share. Without any supportive changes to transit operations, ridership is likely to decline. This study explores the setting of frequencies in transit lines and proposes a two-part methodology that addresses the changing perceptions of users, especially in a health-related context. The first part develops a mathematical model that expresses the pre-COVID-19 cost of passenger crowding as an integral part of user costs to determine the optimal headway that considers the trade-offs between user and operator costs. A continuum approximation for the demand of the bus line has been used in the derivation. The second part extends the developed model to include both the costs of the health risks associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and crowding. The developed models will help transit planners and operators to plan and adapt operations to changing health risks during the pandemic and post-pandemic. Several numerical examples are provided to describe the uses and applications of the analytical models using information obtained from the literature.

No abstract

This study utilizes the most recent data set available on Bandaranaike International Airport Curbside Operations, collected in 2012, in assessing the curbside roadway level of service. The level of service of both the departure and arrival curbside roadways are evaluated using the guidelines presented in the ACRP 40 report on Airport curbside and Terminal Area Roadway Operations. This study compares the two evaluation procedures suggested in ACRP 40 where only one vehicle type is assumed and where the actual vehicle configuration is taken in to account and the factors affecting the differences are discussed. Upon unavailability of an exact method/function to obtain the factor to derive design stall requirement from the calculated stall requirement, an appropriate function was developed to predict required values in the calculation. The LOS of the BIA for the given data set was derived as E for both arrival and departure curbs which is different from the previous study done by Sameera using the same data set. Consideration of the vehicle configuration found to have affected the difference of the outcome mainly. The through lane level of service did not affect the outcome.