Gamma spectrometric analysis was done on all the different sources of water samples in the rural communities of Egbeda Local Government Area of Oyo State in Nigeria. Water samples were collected from 6 boreholes, 11 streams, 5 taps, and 41 hand-dug wells. The water samples were analyzed using a high-purity germanium detector at the National Institute of Radiation Protection and Research, Ibadan, Nigeria. Radionuclides found in the water samples include 40K, 232Th, and 238U. The average amount of 40K found in the borehole, stream, tap, and well water is 3.22, 2.23, 2.11, and 1.77 Bq L−1, respectively. The average amount of 232Th found in the borehole, stream, tap, and well water is 0.57, 0.46, 0.47, and 0.55 Bq L−1, respectively. The average amount of 238U found in the borehole, stream, tap, and well water is 0.54, 0.27, 0.29, and 0.61 Bq L−1, respectively. The annual effective doses calculated from radionuclides in the water are 0.11, 0.09, 0.09, and 0.11 mSv for borehole, stream, tap, and well, respectively.