The effects of vitrectomy were influenced by the location of hemorrhage from the RAM. The VA was poor in eyes exhibiting dense submacular hemorrhage. However, since hemorrhage from a RAM was present at various levels within the eye, it was difficult to evaluate the amount of submacular hemorrhage prior to surgery.

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Autologous serum irrigated in the vitreous cavity just before completion of macular hole surgery can help remove ICG dye used in surgery. The application was simple and safe and significantly shortened the period of residual retinal ICG staining.

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