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The outcome of eight patients with invasive thymoma accompanying pleural dissemination was investigated. Only two patients had mediastinal tumor resection and pleural disseminated tumor excision. Seven patients underwent radiotherapy to the mediastinum and/or disseminated tumors. A clinical response to radiotherapy was achieved in the six patients with evaluable lesions (complete response in five patients and partial response in one). The estimated 5-year survival rate was 87.5%. Four patients were alive more than 10 years. So far, the mediastinal tumors of seven patients have been controlled for periods ranging from 42 to 154 months. Recurrence in six patients appeared as pleural tumors. Four out of the six patients had five courses of radiotherapy to the recurrent pleural tumors, four of which achieved complete response. No distant metastases were observed at any time. These observations suggest that radiotherapy should be the primary mode of treatment in cases of invasive thymoma with pleural dissemination.

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It has been postulated that, with proper control and choice of reaction conditions, the halogenation reactions of [2.2]metacyclophane might be directed in either of two ways: (A) the addition-oxidation path or (B) the addition-elimination path. An attempted iodination (iodine-silver perchlorate or iodine chloride) or bromination (bromine-iron catalyst) of [2.2]-metacyclophane resulted in the formation of 4, 5, 9, 10-tetrahydropyrene according to the path B reaction. On the other hand, iodination reaction in the presence of nitric acid has been shown to afford 2-iodo-4, 5, 9, 10-tetrahydropyrene, after path A. Both the reactions have been explained by assuming a common intermediate, which is formed by the attack of the halogenonium ion on one ring, accompanied by a simultaneous transannular attack of the generated phenonium ion on the second ring.

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