Background: Glutathione S-transferase (GSTs) gene polymorphism and metabolic syndrome (Mets) are generally considered to be risk factors for prostate cancer (PCa).However, this conclusion is still controversial. There is a close relationship between GSTs gene polymorphism and Mets. We suspect that the effect of GSTs gene polymorphism and Mets on PCa may be the result of their joint action. As a result, the purpose of this study was to investigate the potential effect of GSTs gene polymorphism on PCa in patients with Mets. Methods:We collected blood samples from 128 patients with PCa and 200 controls.The GSTs gene polymorphism was detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Age, characteristics of Mets, frequencies of GSTs gene polymorphism, total prostate volume (TPV), Gleason score, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) were recorded and analyzed.Results: There were significant differences in BMI, TG, LDL-C, FBG, SBP, DBP, and HDL-C among the control group, N-PCa group, and Mets-PCa group (p < 0.05). GSTT1 null genotype (OR = 2.844, 95% CI: 1.791-4.517), GSTM1 null genotype (OR = 2.192, 95% CI: 1.395-3.446), and GSTP1 (A/G + G/G) genotype (OR = 2.315, 95% CI: 1.465-3.657) were associated with PCa susceptibility and malignancy. Only the GSTT1 null genotype in Mets patients was positively correlated with PCa. Conclusions:Our study suggests that GSTs gene polymorphism may be a risk factor for PCa and can predict the susceptibility and malignancy of PCa. Secondly, in Mets patients, GSTT1 null genotype significantly increased the risk of PCa. GSTM1 null genotype and the effect of GSTP1 (AG + GG) on PCa were not significantly related to Mets.

Adrenal neuroblastoma (NB) is very rare in adults. According to the literature, <100 cases have been reported worldwide to date, with >90% of the patients aged <10 years. As the early symptoms of the disease are not obvious, distant metastasis has often already occurred when the patients develop clinical symptoms. This lack of obvious symptoms may lead to misdiagnosis and inadequate treatment. Imaging and laboratory examinations are crucial for the diagnosis of NB, but reaching a definitive diagnosis prior to surgery is challenging, as the final diagnosis ultimately depends on histopathological examination. The aim of the present study was to report the rare case of a 40-year-old woman with adrenal left NB who underwent tumor resection. No tumor recurrence was observed at the 3-month and 1-year postoperative follow-up, but a repeat computed tomography at the 3-year postoperative follow-up indicated metastases; the patient refused further treatment and eventually succumbed to the disease within 1 month. The aim of the present case was to emphasize the importance of individualized therapy and long-term, close follow-up of the patients. The clinical characteristics and treatment of this case of adrenal NB were also summarized and analyzed in order to raise clinical awareness of this rare disease.

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