The impacts of predation by invasive mammals on island fauna are a major driver of insular biodiversity loss. Devastating, hitherto unsuspected impacts of predatory house mice on breeding seabirds have been described recently. We studied the fate of 178 Atlantic Petrel Pterodroma incerta nests at Gough Island, over four seasons, from October 2003 to January 2008. Introduced house mice Mus musculus were found in all study burrows checked for mouse visits. From October 2003 to September 2004, we video-recorded attacks by mice on six (of 13) live, healthy Atlantic Petrel chicks and on one (of three) great shearwater Puffinus gravis chicks. In all years, chicks died from mouse attacks. Stage-specific daily nest survival rates were modelled, from which estimates of breeding success were derived that accounted for the variable exposure periods studied among years. Average daily survival rate of eggs was 0.998, and hatching success through the entire incubation period (55.5 days) was 0.924 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.903-0.940]. Daily chick survival rates were 0.990, which gave a modelled fledging success of 0.247 (CI 0.165-0.338) over the 138-day chick period, and average annual breeding success (chicks fledged per breeding attempt) of 0.228 (CI 0.150-0.318), which is low compared with congeners. Productivity estimates were used as a parameter in a population simulation model, which predicted a population multiplication rate (l) of 0.993 (CI = 0.966-1.021). However, in the one season studied from laying to fledging (2007), from 58 nests, only one chick fledged (1.7%). This suggests the wide errors on the model results may obscure a more severe reality. More than 60% of model simulations resulted in an International Union for Conservation of Nature classification of Endangered. Our results add support to calls to eradicate mice from Gough Island. More generally, mice cannot be ignored as a potential threat to island fauna, and island restoration and management plans should routinely include eradication of introduced mice.

Birds are one of the most essential components to maintain the stabilization of the ecosystem. Mangroves are one of the most biologically diverse ecosystems providing shelter and feeding sites for many species, but mangrove habitats are under severe land-use pressure through the world including Indonesia. The aim of this study was to identify the diversity of birds and their association with vegetation in Mangrove Habitats of Teluk Bintuni Regency. In this study, we assessed bird species diversity within six mangrove habitats that are Weriagar, Tanah Merah, Irarutu, Amutu, Kalipotong, and Muara Retui. This research was conducted in March 2019 with the rapid assessment method. According to our estimate, there were 54 bird species with 28 families which were dominated by Laridae in all sites. Tanah Merah was the location that had the highest number of species diversity (H’2.95). It is caused by diverse vegetation in Tanah Merah. This information could be useful for sustainable development of mangrove habitats.

The Sumatran tiger is one of the endemic species in Indonesia which has been driven to extinction. This species has been categorized as critically endangered by IUCN and as Appendix I by CITES. Loss of prey is one of the threats to the Sumatran tiger’s population. It is an essential factor to maintain the existence of the Sumatran tiger. The study aimed to reveal the abundance of the Sumatran tiger prey using the camera trap method in Way Kambas National Park where one of the Sumatran tiger’s habitats. Our study was conducted from March until August 2020. We used 16 Camera traps which were divided into 2 Sites, Resort Pengelolaan Taman Nasional (RPTN) Sekapuk and Way Kanan. We found five species of Preys. They are wild boar (Sus scrofa), Sambar deer (Rusa unicolor), pigtail macaques (Macaca nemestrina), red muntjac (Muntiacus muntjac), and Mouse deer (Tragulus kanchil). The highest number of abundance was Sus scrofa (63%), and the lowest number of abundance was Rusa unicolor (0,94%). Our findings concluded that the potential preferred prey was Sus scrofa and Muntiacus muntjac.

Abstract. Cita KD. 2019.Ethnobotany of food plant used by Sundanese Ethnic in Kalaparea Village, Nyangkewok Hamlet, Sukabumi District, Indonesia. Asian J Ethnobiol 2: 16-22. Food insecurity is an essential threat in West Java Province. Ethnobotany in Food Plant of Sundanese Ethnic can be an alternative to a food crisis. In this study, we looked for insights on how Sundanese Ethnic inhabiting around the Gede Mountain, Nyangkewok Village, interact with their environments and how they use ecological knowledge on plants for their existence. This study used exploration and in-depth interviewed method with 30 respondents which conducted in March until June 2019 and analysed with Cultural Food Cultivated Significant Index. This study recorded 101 species useful plants, 48 families, dominated by Cucurbitaceae. The highest number of Cultural Food Cultivated Index is pare (Oryza sativa). Sundanese Ethnic living in the Nyangkewok Village has been undergoing extreme changes in both social and ecological scenarios. This study recommends conservation plans that include traditional ecological knowledge, plant monitoring, and participative action with Nyangkewok communities.

<p>Recently, the population of the lesser bird of paradise (Paradisaea minor Shaw, 1809) has been decreasing due to illegal hunting, illegal trading, and habitat destruction. Meanwhile, ex situ conservation efforts of this bird are lacked and very low in the success of breeding. The aims of this research were to identify and analyze the component that determines the successful ex situ conservation of the lesser bird of paradise. The study was conducted from March until May 2016 in the TMII Bird Park, Mega Bird and Orchid Farm (MBOF), Ragunan Zoo, Bandung Zoo, and Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation (AWWP) in Qatar. Data<br />included an internal and external biological aspect of species, captive breeding technique, and social aspect, and were analyzed by Principle Component Analysis (PCA). The statistical analysis resulted that there were five determinant factors of successful ex situ conservation of lesser bird of paradise which the first determinant factors were maturity, diet, and ability of animal keeper.</p>