Influenza A pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus continues to rapidly spread worldwide. In 2009, pandemic (H1N1) 2009 infection in a domestic cat from Iowa was diagnosed by a novel PCR assay that distinguishes between Eurasian and North American pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus matrix genes. Human-to-cat transmission is presumed.

The use of ultrasound to measure small bowel thickness is an important part of any ultrasound examination of the abdomen. Increased thickness of the intestinal wall is a hallmark for the detection of diseases ranging from inflammatory bowel disease to neoplasia. Our subjective impression has been that dogs with no clinical signs of gastrointestinal disease often have sonographic measurements greater than published norms. The purpose of this study was to prospectively reevaluate these norms. The clinical history on all dogs receiving an abdominal ultrasound examination was evaluated for signs of gastrointestinal disease. Those without clinical signs were entered into this study. The documentation of body weight, breed, jejunal thickness, and duodenal thickness was made in 231 dogs. Dogs were placed into five groups based on their weight. Sixty-nine breeds were represented with weight ranging from 2.1 to 64 kg. A statistically significant (P < or = 0.05) correlation between body weight and both jejunal and duodenal thickness was observed. We also found that the maximum thickness in both jejunum and duodenum in healthy dogs was larger than previously reported. These data indicate norms for the jejunum of < or = 4.1 mm for dogs up to 20 kg, < or = 4.4 mm for dogs between 20 and 39.9 kg, and < or = 4.7 mm for dogs over 40 kg. The data indicate norms for the duodenum < or = 5.1 mm for dogs up to 20 kg, < or = 5.3 kg for dogs between 20 and 29.9 kg, and < or = 6.0 mm for dogs over 30 kg.

CCA-TDL represents a novel approach to surgical redirection of chylous drainage to the venous circulation outside of the thorax and may be useful in the treatment of spontaneous chylothorax in the dog.

This study examined the effect of trophic factor supplementation [TFS; bovine neutrophil peptide-1 (bactenecin), 1 mg/L; substance P, 2.5 mg/L; nerve growth factor, 20 mg/L; epidermal growth factor, 10 mg/L; insulin-like growth factor-1, 10 mg/L] during cold storage with UW lactobionate solution. Dogs transplanted with kidneys stored for 4 days in TFS-UW had significantly lower peak serum creatinine values (mean 2.9 ∫ 0.2 mg/dL) and returned to normal values faster (6 days) than kidneys stored for 3 days in unmodified UW solution (4.2 ∫ 0.3 mg/dL and 14 days, respectively). Kidneys stored for 5 days in TFS-UW (mean peak creatinine 3.7 ∫ 0.3) functioned equivalently to kidneys stored for 3 days and better than kidneys stored for 4 days in UW alone. Dogs with kidneys stored for 6 days in TFS-UW had mean peak creatinines of 5.7 ∫ 0.4 mg/dL. These returned to normal creatinine values in 14 days, equal to 3-day stored and significantly better than kidneys stored for 4 days in UW alone (20 days recovery time). This study shows trophic factor deprivation appears to be a critical mechanism of injury in organ preservation with current synthetic storage media, and marks the initial development of a synthetic biologically active preservation solution, the next generation of preservation media.

Mandibular volume and tooth root volumes were shown to increase at different rates at locations containing the roots of the canine (C) and mesial and distal roots of the first molar (M1). Thirty-six dogs were included in this study. Data were generated using computed tomography at locations of the mandible involving the roots of the C and M1 teeth. Software was used to trace the external surface of the mandible, calculating the volume of the mandible at each location. Similar techniques were used to trace and calculate the volume of the C and M1 roots. Mandible volume, tooth root volume, and root percentage of mandible volume were analyzed and compared using the slopes of the best fit line. At the M1 mesial and distal roots, mandible volume ( P < .001) and root volume ( P < .001) were both noted to increase, with increasing weight at different rates. The rate of change in the root percentage by weight of M1 roots was not different ( P = .214). Each location demonstrated a different increasing rate of change for mandibular volume and increasing root volume. Results show that as patient's weight increases, the mandible and root volumes increase at different rates. Root percentage by volume at all three locations was noted to decrease by the same rate. Canine and M1 roots are proportionally larger than the supporting mandibular bone in smaller patients. Care should be taken to recommend periodontal disease prevention for owners of small dogs and consideration made when performing extractions or other surgery that may destabilize the mandible.