Intestinal malrotation is a rare abnormality, resulting in intestinal malrotation and impaired fixation. This clinical entity encompasses spectrum of anatomical conditions and associated clinical disorders. Main symptoms of intestinal obstruction related to malrotation are sudden bilious emesis in a previously healthy term neonate. Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) contrast study is the examination of choice and remains as gold standard for intestinal malrotation. With 90% positive predictive value, misdiagnosis in rotational abnormalities could still happen in UGI contrast study. We report a case of pitfall diagnosis in an 8-day-old male neonate, in which obstruction has been misinterpreted as duodenal web rather than malrotation that was furthered found during surgery.

Background: Patient education has become a pivotal component in neurosurgery. However, it is difficult to ensure a good patient understanding, mainly due to the complex nature of the diseases and procedures. The increased utilization of technological advancements such as Internet and mobile devices has provided the opportunity for health-care professionals, including neurosurgeons to incorporate them into their practice. In this review, we present the potential use of a free, web-based, three-dimensional (3D) visualization app (BioDigital®) along with the practical steps needed to set it up. Materials and Methods: This journal is done by electronic searching using “Patient Education” and “Imaging, 3D” as keywords. Final 23 journals met the criteria for this paper, from 325 journals that were reviewed. Results: Three-dimensional visualization apps have the potential to provide better neurosurgical patient education. Conclusion: The ease of use, portable nature, and low barrier of entry of using 3D visualization apps are expected to provide better neurosurgical patient education in a low-resource setting.

Introduction : Nasal reconstruction presents a challenge in case of patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). Correction of the nasal deformity to achieve a symmetrical nose from the deficient columella and malformed nasal cartilage in cleft patients presents a great challenge. Nasoalveolar molding (NAM) was developed as a neoadjuvant therapy for patients with cleft lip and palate to improve nasal deformity before surgical intervention. The aim of this systematic review was to understand more about the effect of NAM on nasal symmetry and proportions in patients with UCLP. Method : We searched for manuscripts involving patients with UCLP who received NAM prior to cleft lip repair. Electronic literature searching of the PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane and Google scholar databases was conducted for the studies that had been published up to December 2021. Result : Presurgical NAM demonstrated benefits in nasolabial form when compared with patients who did not receive any presurgical infant orthopaedic appliances (PSIO). The use of presurgical NAM helps to achieve favourable reshaping of the nose and decrease the severity of the initial cleft deformity, resulting in improvement on nasolabial form. These changes lead to improved nasal symmetry and proportions in UCLP patients. Conclusion: The preponderance of evidence in this review suggests that presurgical NAM is a beneficial adjuvant therapy for nasal deformity correction and helps achieve nasal symmetry in patients with UCLP. However, there is insufficient evidence to conclude whether presurgical NAM produces these benefits at the time of nasal maturity.

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