Biodiesel has been considered as an alternative fuel to replace conventional oil in the world. Biodiesel development has reached blending for 30% and has been implemented by Indonesia since 2020. Sources for biodiesel production vary, as is well known, mostly from CPO, raw vegetable oil, used cooking oil, and animal fats. The utilization of waste as raw material for biodiesel can provide additional energy while reducing the amount of existing waste. Spent coffee grounds is an alternative raw material for biodiesel production. The coffee consumption in Indonesia in 2020 increased to 13.9% compared to 2019 which leads to a large amount of unutilized spent coffee grounds. This research focused on producing biodiesel from Indonesian commercial RTD coffee and Indonesian freshly brewed coffee; the coffee oil was extracted from spent coffee grounds which later the coffee oil became the main component for the biodiesel production process. The direct esterification showed a promising result for biodiesel production with Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) content 78.7% for commercial RTD coffee and 69.2% for freshly brewed coffee sample by varying methodologies for both sample direct esterification and direct transesterification.
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