A detailed analysis of the production of the main agricultural crops in the Orenburg region for a long-term period, taking into account of their sown areas, gross yields and yields in farms of all categories has been provided in the article. The purpose of the research was to analyze the production of the main agricultural crops in the Orenburg region. Based on the conducted research, transformational changes and trends in the regional production of grain, potatoes and vegetable crops have been identified. During the study period, a gradual reduction in the acreage of grain and leguminous crops in the region was revealed with stabilization at the level of 2,7 million hectares with a wide range of variations in gross yields and productivity depending on the weather and climatic conditions of cultivation. The gross harvest of grain and leguminous crops in farms of all categories during the study period varied in a very wide range of 739,6–4207,2 thousand tons. The biggest gross harvests of grain and leguminous crops were observed in 2000, 2016 and 2017, respectively, 3141,7, 3138,6 and 4207,2 thousand tons in association with the most favorable natural and climatic conditions of their cultivation. There was the reduction in the area, the decrease in gross yields and the tendency to increase the yield of potatoes and vegetable crops in farms of all categories. Based on the analysis, measures are proposed to optimize the acreage, increase the gross yield and productivity of the main agricultural crops in the agricultural sector of the regional agro-industrial complex, as well as a set of measures for sustainable development and effective functioning of regional agricultural production with the possibility of applied use in other regions of the Russian Federation.

The article analyzes the number, employment and dynamics of monetary income of the population of the Orenburg region for a long-term period. The production of social and engineering arrangement of rural territories of the region for a number of years is analyzed in detail. Negative destructive changes and trends in employment and social development of rural areas are revealed. The directions of improvement and dynamic development of agricultural production, rural areas, and employment of the rural population are proposed.

The article analyzes the regional production of major agricultural crops for 2000–2018, taking into account the areas of their crops and planting, gross harvest and yield in farms of all categories and agricultural organizations. During the study period, a gradual reduction in the acreage of grain and leguminous crops in the region was revealed, with stabilization at the level of 2.7 million hectares, with a wide range of variations in gross yields and yields depending on the weather and climatic conditions of cultivation. There was a reduction in the area, a decrease in gross collections and a tendency to increase the yield of potatoes and vegetable crops in farms of all categories. Measures are proposed to optimize the acreage, increase the gross yield and productivity of the main agricultural crops in the agricultural sector of the regional agroindustrial complex.

A detailed analysis of the production of the main agricultural crops in the Orenburg region for a long-term period, taking into account of their sown areas, gross yields and yields in farms of all categories has been provided in the article. The purpose of the research was to analyze the production of the main agricultural crops in the Orenburg region. Based on the conducted research, transformational changes and trends in the regional production of grain, potatoes and vegetable crops have been identified. During the study period, a gradual reduction in the acreage of grain and leguminous crops in the region was revealed with stabilization at the level of 2.7 million hectares with a wide range of variations in gross yields and productivity depending on the weather and climatic conditions of cultivation. The gross harvest of grain and leguminous crops in farms of all categories during the study period varied in a very wide range of 739.6–4207.2 thousand tons. The biggest gross harvests of grain and leguminous crops were observed in 2000, 2016 and 2017, respectively, 3141.7; 3138.6 and 4207.2 thousand tons in association with the most favorable natural and climatic conditions of their cultivation. There was the reduction in the area, the decrease in gross yields and the tendency to increase the yield of potatoes and vegetable crops in farms of all categories. Based on the analysis, measures are proposed to optimize the acreage, increase the gross yield and productivity of the main agricultural crops in the agricultural sector of the regional agro-industrial complex, as well as a set of measures for sustainable development and effective functioning of regional agricultural production with the possibility of applied use in other regions of the Russian Federation.

The purpose of the research was to analyze the productivity of animals and the growth of livestock products in agricultural organizations in the Orenburg region. The productivity of farm animals in agricultural organizations of the region on the basis of statistical data has been analyzed in the article. Negative changes have been revealed, measures have been proposed to improve and improve the condition, increase the efficiency and competitiveness of regional animal husbandry. It has been established that the restoration and development of large specialized production will ensure a steady increase in milk production, intensive type of animal fattening will make it possible to obtain average daily gains of at least 800 g, and the achievement of a live weight of 400-450 kg at 16-18 months of age, the yield of calves per 100 cows must be raised to the level of 85 heads, the live weight of pigs 110 kg was achieved at the age of two with the optimal time of its achievement at one year of age, radical restructuring and restoration of sheep and goats breeding is necessary as universal livestock industries that provide unique types of agricultural products and opportunities for diversification of production, industrial enterprises of egg production should diversify production based on deep processing of poultry meat, taking into account non-standard meat products, increasing the volume of harvesting, improving quality, ensuring the balance in nutritional and energy value of feed will provide the significant increase in the productivity of farm animals and poultry, for the effective development of livestock industries, a more extensive system of state support and investment of livestock industries and agricultural production is needed, effective diversification of production should be carried out taking into account the peculiarities of the region, the prevailing conditions and the available capabilities of agricultural enterprises based on deep processing of crop and livestock products and using low- and waste-free technologies of closed cycle production and further sale of finished products with the opening of outlets in order to improve the financial condition of economic entities. The elimination of negative trends, the increase in the production of livestock products will ensure the dynamic development of livestock industries, economic entities and agricultural production of the regions as a whole.