The given paper is focused on methods, resources and aims of environmental pollution monitoring of the Chechen republic. It has been revealed that the existing monitoring system does not meet the modern requirements to transfer operational information to the forecasting centers with the aim to be processed and provides measuring of only a small part of the deleterious impurity which is necessary to forecast. To give a quantitative and qualitative description of geo-ecological processes, to forecast the ways of their development, to develop concrete measures in order to prevent negative consequences are possible only when carrying out long-term stationary observations within geo-ecological monitoring.

Проблема сохранения природного и этнокультурного наследия, самобытности и многонациональной культуры за последние десятилетия начала приобретать глобальный характер. Рост этнического самосознания усиливает внимание к проблемам сохранения самобытности, культурного разнообразия, этнического и природного наследия. В условиях глобализации познание и популяризация объектов природно-культурного наследия и сохранение культурной памяти становятся важным средством защиты этнических культур и развития культурного разнообразия. Цель работы – исследование особенностей геологического, этнокультурного и экологического туризма, выявление перспектив их сопряженно-параллельного развития на Северо-Восточном Кавказе. Методы работы: анализ и синтез, обобщение, контент-анализ, метод экспертных оценок, сравнительно-географический, системный и геоситуационный подходы. Результаты работы. Обоснована возможность и целесообразность сопряженно-параллельного развитиягеологическогои этнокультурного направлений туризма как экологически более безопасных форм рекреационного природопользования. Выявлены предпосылки развития таких разновидностей геологического туризма, как спелеотуризм, геммотуризм, биогеологический туризм и др. Раскрыты зарубежные аналоги обсуждаемых понятий. Эволюция содержания этих понятий свидетельствует о переходе от введения в проблематику к развитию идей и глобализации геологического туризма. Контент-анализ зарубежных источников выявил переход от анализа сегмента культурного туризма, с делением туристов на обычных и специфических, к более расширенной и углубленной его трактовке. На примерах развития туризма в горных регионах Северо-Восточного Кавказа выявлены географические особенности распространения природных и историко-культурных объектов и видов рекреации. Перспективы дальнейшего развития экологически ориентированных направлений рекреационного природопользования в горных регионах связываются с их активизацией в условиях особо охраняемых природных комплексов (заповедников, заказников, природных парков и других объектов). Особое внимание уделено брендированию рекреационных проектов с учетом национальных особенностей гастрономии, художественно-культурного дизайна, литературы и искусства. Среди высокобрендовых объектов культурного наследия ЮНЕСКО исторический город-крепость Дербент (Дагестан), город-Герой Грозный (Чечня) и высокогорный природный заповедник Эрзи (Ингушетия). The problem of preserving natural and ethnocultural heritage, identity and multinational culture over the past decades has begun to take on a global character. The rise of ethnic identity reinforces attention to issues of identity preservation, cultural diversity, ethnic and natural heritage. In the context of globalization, the cognition and popularization of objects of natural and cultural heritage and the preservation of cultural memory become an important means of protecting ethnic cultures and developing cultural diversity. The aimof the work is to study the features of geological, ethnocultural and ecological tourism, to identify the prospects for their conjugate-parallel development in the Northeast Caucasus. Methodsof analysis and synthesis, generalization, content analysis, expert assessments, a comparative geographical method, systemic and geosituational approaches were used. Results. The possibility and feasibility of concurrent development of geological and ethnocultural directions of tourism as environmentally safer forms of recreational nature management is justified. The prerequisites for the development of such varieties of geological tourism as speleoturism, gemotourism, biogeological tourism, etc. have been identified. Foreign analogues of the discussed concepts are disclosed. The evolution of the content of these concepts indicates a transition from introduction into issues to the development of ideas and globalization of geological tourism. Content analysis of foreign sources revealed a transition from the analysis of the cultural tourism segment, with the division of tourists into ordinary and specific to a more expanded and in-depth interpretation of it. Using examples of tourism development in the mountainous regions of the Northeast Caucasus, geographical features of the distribution of natural and historical and cultural objects and types of recreation were identified. Prospects for the further development of environmentally oriented areas of recreational nature management in mountain regions are associated with their activation in the conditions of specially protected natural complexes (reserves, reserves, natural parks, etc.). Particular attention is paid to the branding of recreational projects, taking into account the national characteristics of gastronomy, artistic and cultural design, literature and art. Among the high-brand UNESCO cultural heritage sites are the historic fortress city of Derbent (Dagestan), the Hero city of Grozny (Chechnya) and the highland natural reserve Erzi (Ingushetia).

The article examines the regions of the North Caucasus in the context of the implementation of cluster projects. The functions and possibilities of clustering, the versatility of approaches to its definition in domestic and foreign publications are considered. Favorable preconditions for the formation of agro-industrial clusters in combination with agritourism (favorable natural and climatic conditions, operating agro-holdings, significant labor resources, rich cultural and historical heritage, etc.), as well as constraining factors (lack of a unified mechanism for the formation of regional agro-industrial clusters, insufficient activity of the business community in terms of generating ideas and implementing initiative projects, weak involvement of the population in dialogue with the business community and government authorities, etc.). A model of an interregional agro-industrial cluster has been proposed, the core of which will be agricultural holdings operating in the north-east of the Caucasus.

The article analyzes the scientific and practical prerequisites for the formation (design) of the geoecological framework of the territory, the specific terminology in this area in the works of domestic and foreign researchers. The article studies the dynamics of the development of the concept of ecological networks (framework) in European countries and in Russia over the past decades. Using the example of the Chechen Republic, an interconnected system of nature conservation areas of various functional purposes has been developed, including existing specially protected natural territories, designed to maintain geoecological balance in the region. The cartographic method of research allowed visualizing the main structural elements of the proposed framework of a given territory. The article claims the relationship and the value of the basic, local and linear elements of the frame in the preservation of biological diversity and natural landscapes. The article also gives assessment of the current state and prospects of development of specially protected natural territories.