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Background: Therapeutic communication is the basis of interactive relationships among nursing team and their children: that affords opportunities to establish rapport, understand the client’s experience, formulate individualized or client interventions and optimize health care resources. Objectives: The main aim of the study is to determine the Effectiveness of Education Program on Nurses’ Knowledge about Communication Skills with Children. Methodology: A quasi-experimental study was conducted in Children Welfare Teaching Hospitals from 7th, October 2018 to the 20th, May 2019. The program and instruments have been constructed by the researcher for the purpose of the study. A non- probability purposive sample of (39) nurses who work in Children Welfare Teaching hospitals were into study group consisted of (30) nurses who were exposed to an education program. The study instrument is composed of two parts: first part deals with the socio- demographic characteristics of the nurses, while the second part deals with the Knowledge test which consists of (35) items (multiple choices) questionnaires divided into (5) main dimensions related to nurse's knowledge about communication skills with children. Validity of the study instrument is determined through a panel of experts and reliability of the instrument was determined through (test – retest) method. The analysis of the data used is descriptive statistics and statistical inferential, in order to find the differences among the pre-test, post-test1 and post-test 2 in study group. Results: The study findings indicate that there are highly significant differences between (pre and post-test1 and post-test2) in the study group regarding (nurse's knowledge about communication skills with children. Recommendations: The researcher recommended specific training courses for nurses with exam to get the benefit and to have effect on the pediatric nurses knowledge, and pediatric nurses must have a continuous courses about communication skills with children.

Objectives: To evaluate mother's knowledge of the under five children about preventing diarrhea & its home care management and to identify the relation of the knowledge with demographic variables Methodology: A descriptive study was conducted to evaluate the knowledge of the mothers of under five children about preventing diarrhea & its home care management and to identify the relation of the knowledge with demographic variables at primary health care centers in AL-Diwaniyah city. The study conducted from the period of 19th September 2020 to the 15th of March 2021 on a Convenience sample of 200 mothers of children under five years was selected. The questionnaire was designed and composed of two parts: The first part includes three sections that deal with the children demographic data, and their mother's demographic characteristics and factors related to his home management to preventing diarrhea. The reliability of the questionnaire was determined through a pilot study and the validity through a panel of (14) experts. The data were collected by questionnaire. The data were described statistically and analyzed through the use of descriptive and inferential statistical analysis procedures. Results: Findings reveal that the majority highest percentage of the age mothers is located in age group of (25-30), no significant association was found between mothers home care management with factors related to home management to preventing diarrhea concerning only significant associations with (presence of flies at home, household garbage disposal, exclusive breastfeeding until 6 month). Recommendations: The study recommended it is necessary to raise mother's awareness of the importance of preventing diarrhea by implementing educational programs, activating the role of traditional and social media

Objective: Assess parents' knowledge up on dietary patterns for children with picky eating behavior before providing instructional program. Methodology: To achieve the aims of this study, this quasiexperimental design was conducted on children suffering from picky eating behavior assigned to study and control groups is used to study the effectiveness of instructional program on parents' knowledge toward dietary patterns for children with picky eating behavior at Al-Zahra Teaching Hospital. Questionnaires were developed to determine the effectiveness of the instructional program on parents' knowledge toward dietary patterns for children with picky eating behavior. The final instruments consisted of (4) parts First: concept of picky eating behavior in children (Includes four questions) Second: causes of picky behavior and dangerous factors (Includes eight questions) Third: symptoms of picky behavior (includes six questions) Fourth: importance of a child's picky eating behavior diet (consists of seven questions) Fifth: ways to deal with the child picky eating behavior in food (contains seven questions) Sixth: therapeutic and guiding measures for picky eating children (has thirteen questions). Results: there is a non-significant difference in the study sample knowledge according to their residency, gender, child's age/years, and child's order in the family. Conclusion: Parents in the study group who received the dietary instructional program different views and experiences on overall behaviors and attitudes about mealtime and daily food, demonstrating that the dietary instruction had a positive impact on child behavior. Recommendation: Develop techniques to influence children's eating and general lifestyle habits while taking into consideration the environment and their family.

Objective: To assess parents’ knowledge concerning etiologies and clinical manifestation of picky eating behaviors. To determine the effectiveness of instructional program on parents’ knowledge through comparing the knowledge scores at the pre-test and post-test. Methodology: To achieve the aims of this study, this quasi-experimental design was conducted on children suffering from picky eating behavior assigned to study and control groups is used to study the effectiveness of instructional program on parents' knowledge toward dietary patterns for children with picky eating behavior at Al-Zahra Teaching Hospital in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf City. Questionnaires were developed to determine the effectiveness of the instructional program on parents' knowledge toward dietary patterns for children with picky eating behavior. The final instruments consisted of (4) parts First: concept of picky eating behavior in children (Includes four questions) Second: causes of picky behavior and dangerous factors (Includes eight questions) Third: symptoms of picky behavior  (It includes six questions) Fourth: importance of a child's picky eating behavior diet (It consists of seven questions) Fifth: ways to deal with the child picky eating behavior in food (It contains seven questions) Sixth: therapeutic and guiding measures for picky eating children (It has thirteen questions).