Objective: To determine the perception of medical students about factors affecting academic performance and to associate them with academic performance. Study Design: Cross sectional.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in the Department of Community Medicine at Wah Medical College, Wah Cantt from January 2018 to August 2018.Materials and Methods: After explaining purpose of the study and taking informed consent, questionnaires were distributed to students and collected after two days. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 19. Frequency tables and charts were constructed for qualitative and quantitative variables accordingly.  Association of academic performance with factors affecting academic performance were determined by chi-square.Results: The factors that affect the academic performance most were parental concern (87.2%), time spent on social media (78.4%), influence of friends (74.4%), silence during study (88.8%) and style of teaching (80.8%). Significant association was found between academic performance and place of residence, daily breakfast, peer academic performance, night study and joining medical profession on own will.Conclusion: Supervision by parents, academically competent peers, apposite institutional environment, pertinent use of media and good teaching strategies mostly affect the academic performance.How to cite this: Khan KW, Ramzan M, Zia Y, Zafar Y, Khan M, Saeed H. Factors Affecting Academic Performance of Medical Students. Life and Science. 2020; 1(1): 8-11.  doi: https://doi.org/10.37185/L&S.1.1.45

Objective: To perform post analysis of multiple-choice questions given in the 2nd term and send up examinations of the years 2016 to 2018, to establish relationship between difficulty (DF) and discrimination indices (DI) and to find out significant mean difference between the two. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Community Medicine Department, Wah Medical College, Wah, from Nov 2018 to Mar 2019. Methodology: A total of 390 Multiple-Choice Question of second term and send-up were taken for the study from the year 2016, 2017 and 2018. The response sheets were assessed by Optical Machine Reader (OMR) and the level of difficulty, power of discrimination and reliability were obtained. The data was entered in SPSS version 22. Results: A total of 315 test items were included. Results of the study showed that the reliability (KR20) for all the examined items was in the acceptable range i.e. ≥0.7 and there was no association was found between difficulty index and year p=0.310. The mean difficulty index was found to be 0.48 ± 0.22 and discrimination index as 0.24 ± 0.14. Conclusion: The analysis of 390 test items showed that most of the questions were acceptable in terms of difficulty and discrimination. There is still a need to modify and improve the testing ability of the MCQs with negative discrimination and higher difficulty index.

Objective: To determine attitude of undergraduate medical student's towards immigration, including preferred choice and reasons for immigration. Study Design: Cross-Sectional Study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out on students of Wah Medical College, from January 2019 to June 2019. Materials and Methods: All students at medical college were included in the sampling frame. A sample of 300 students was taken by random sampling using random number generator. A questionnaire was formulated comprisingoftwoparts.Thefirstpartofquestionnairecomprisedofcloseended questionsabouttheageof students their gender, year of education, preferred choice for specialization, desire to migrate or not and preferred destination for migration The second part included reasons for migration and non-migration. The data was analyzed on SPSS version 21. Results: Almost half of the students (48.3%) showed intention towards migration. Those who wanted to migrate, United Kingdom was the top choice (27.9%). Better job opportunities, family reasons and medical facilities were the most common reasons for migration while intention to serve the country, family issues and lack of financial resources were the main reasons to stay in the country. Conclusion: Half of the students intend to migrate to other countries and favorite destination for work is United Kingdom.

Introduction: Faculty development (FD) is defined broadly as the range of activities that institutions use to assist faculty in their roles and fields including teaching, research and administration. And faculty is now expected to be more effective and creative in their teaching methods. Objectives: To determine the needs assessment for faculty development. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and duration of study: Wah Medical College, January- June 2019.  Methodology: A questionnaire was prepared after the review of literature. It had two parts; demographic profile and responses of the faculty on various aspects regarding needs assessment. Questionnaires were distributed to all the faculty members of college. Data was analyzed by SPSS and frequencies were calculated. T-test was used with p value of 0.05. Result: 90 faculty members responded back. Out of these 90, 34(37.8%) were in favor of 1 workshop per year. 59(65.6%)wanted half day workshop. 75(83.3%) members wanted workshops to be on weeks days. 66(73.3%) favored one-day workshops. 71(78.9%), 47(52.2%), 38(42.2%) don’t attend workshops due to lack of time, institutional support, trained facilitators respectively. Conclusion: We concluded that the Wah medical college faculty is in need of faculty development programs that should be conducted by the medical education department with in the college. The college should facilitate the faculty in the best possible way especially considering the limitations and responsibilities of the female faculty.

There exist huge earning differentials across the districts of Pakistan. The present study is an attempt to analyze the factors that can be attributed to differences in earnings across the districts of Pakistan. The results show that proportion of educated earners, efficient age group earners and dependency ratio had a positive impact on the average earnings, while the proportion of female earners had negative effect on average earnings. Moreover, the impact of socio-development factors; like infrastructure, health units and provincial capital had a favorable effect on the average earnings of individuals. On the other hand, terrorist attacks results in lowering the average earnings.