The current study is concerned with the primary environmental assessment of the physicochemical characterization of seasonal fluctuations in the leachate of Tanjaro open dump site in Sulaymaniyah City, and its impact on the quality of the groundwater. The primary characteristics of the leachates were their high levels of organic and inorganic components and their toxicity because of the presence of heavy metal concentrations. For almost all physicochemical parameters, the leachate from the Tanjaro area dumping has incredibly high values. All heavy metals were present in leachate, with the exception of cadmium and mercury, albeit at levels below their respective permitted limits. The characterization revealed that Leachate 1 (L1) may be referred to as young leachate, whereas Leachate 2 (L2) and Leachate 3 (L3) can be referred to as old leachate due to their pH values. It was indicated that the Tanjaro dumping is operating and in the early stages of stabilization. BOD5/COD was around 0.63, and the leachate was highly biodegradable in the anaerobic phase. Groundwater, which contains little to no organic matter, was not found to be severely affected by monitoring wells located close to the dumpsites. The conductivity, total dissolved solids, total hardness, Mn, and Fe were some of the values that went above the WHO guidelines. Correlation analysis was used as a preliminary descriptive technique to establish the strength of the association between the relevant variables. Some parameters were discovered to be statistically significantly correlated with one another, pointing to a close connection between these parameters.

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Abstract-To compare the dry matter yield and iron uptake of Brassica chinensis, soil iron content at 15, 23, 31, 39 days after transplanting the seedlings of Brassica chinensis with respect to different concentration of landfill leachate concentrations at 0, 33.3, 50 and 100% application on soil were measured. Treated B. chinensis with 100%, 50% and 33.3% leachates increased in dry matter yield by 59.2%, 66.4% and 95.7% respectively compared to control irrigated water. The highest and lowest iron uptake by B. chinensis observed at fifteen and twenty-three days after transplanting respectively. The iron concentrated in soil showed significant differences only at twenty tree days after transplanting the seedlings of B. chinensis to 100, 0, 33.3 and 50% of landfill leachate concentrations respectively.Index Terms-Brassica chinensis, iron, landfill leachate.

Heavy metals pose risk to human health. The present study was carried out toassess levels of different heavy metals like lead, Copper, Chromium, Nickel andIron, in celery irrigated with water from different sources. The results indicated asubstantial build-up of heavy metals in vegetable irrigated with wastewater. Therange of various metals in surface water mixed with wastewater-irrigated plantswas 0.0005, 0.0003, 0.0086, 0.0006, 0.2106 mg/L for Pb, Cu, Cr, Ni and Ferespectively, in sarchnar location, and lowest value of these metals was determinedin well water used for irrigation in kalar location and values are (0.0002, 0.0014,0.0171, 0.0004 and 0.0020 mg/L) for Pb, Cu, Cr , Ni and Fe respectively. Thehighest levels of Fe detected in celery value 5.181and 3.983 mg/kg in Sarchnar andKalar location, respectively. The present study highlights that both adults andchildren consuming vegetables grown in wastewater-irrigated soils ingestsignificant amount of these metals. However, the values of these metals were belowthe recommended maximum tolerable levels. The regular monitoring of levels ofthese metals from effluents and sewage, in vegetables and in other food materials isessential to prevent excessive build-up of these metals in the food chain.