Background: Breast cancer is a complex, multifaceted disease encompassing a great variety of entities that show considerable variation in clinical, morphological and molecular attributes. Objective: The aim of this study to evaluate patients' molecular profile (Estrogen receptor, Progesterone receptor, HER2/neu and Ki-67). Patients & Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study was done in Baghdad oncology teaching hospital from December 2015 to April 2016, carried on 100 breast cancer female patients with their age range from 27 to 73 years old and with their histopathology reports and (IHC) results. Results: The highest incidence of breast cancer among patients in 5th (40-49 years) and 6th (50-59 years) decades of life both groups are (32%), estrogen and progesterone values were observed (74% and 75% respectively) and 69 patients (69%) with Ki-67 ≥14. Conclusions: Most of the breast cancer patients in the current study were estrogen and progesterone (Hormonal) positive, and Luminal B-like was the most common molecular subtype (53%) due to high Ki-67 index. There was a strong correlation between estrogen and progesterone in the studied patients with highly significant P value <0.0001.

Eighty-eight women presenting with locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer were treated with tamoxifen alone. Estrogen and progesterone receptors [ER and PR]were immunocytochemically analysed in mammary tumour cells obtained by fine needle sampling from 73 patients. Of the breast carcinomas, 34.2% were ER+/PR+ and 43.8% were ER-/PR-. The ER+ content increased with age in postmenopausal women. After tamoxifen treatment objective remission occurred in 39.7% of the women. The overall response rate was 53.3% in the ER+/PR- group and 73.1% in the ER+/PR+ group. However, the response elicited in a case of the ER-/PR- phenotype justified the randomized use of tamoxifen among patients in Iraq where the necessary requirements for hormone receptor assessment are almost unavailable

Background: Breast cancer is the commonest cancer in women. In radiotherapy practice, it comprises 25% of patient caseload. This makes understanding the breast irradiation toxicities of prime importance. Early radiation toxicities occur during treatment and up to six months after treatment finished.Objectives: assessment of the early side effects of adjuvant external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) in breast cancer patients.Patients and Methods: A cross sectional survey with analytic component conducted on 60 patients treated in the oncology teaching hospital of medical city from January to April 2016.Results: The most prevalent toxicities were radiation dermatitis, fatigue, pain, sore throat, nausea, dysphagia, and arm edema. There was a significant difference between prevalence of dermatitis with different radiation doses used. Dermatitis was more prevalent with conventional fractionation (CF), than in hypofractionated radiotherapy.Conclusion: Dermatitis was the most common acute toxicity of radiotherapy in breast cancer patients with prevalence of 81.6 %. It was related to dose fractionation. Fatigue was the 2nd common (70%). It was correlated with disease stage.

Background: quality of life of cancer survivors is adversely impacted by bowel toxicity; result from pelvic radiation therapy. In the UK, 12000 patients are treated with radiation therapy for pelvic cancer, mostly with curative intent; this carries a considerable risk for normal surrounding tissues side effects.Objective: the aim of this study was to determine the frequency, types and grade of acute gastrointestinal toxicity in radical pelvic radiation therapy in our patients so that a comparison could be made with the Western countries.Patients and Methods: a prospective analytic study was carried out in Radiotherapy department / Oncology teaching hospital / Medical city complex, from the 2nd of January to the 30th of April 2016. A total of 53 patients with histologically confirmed uterine, cervical, rectal, urinary bladder or prostatic cancer, treated by radical radiation therapy, were enrolled in the study. Patients were assessed for the frequency, types and grade of acute gastrointestinal toxicities according to grading criteria of CTC (Common Toxicities Criteria), at the start, during and at the end of the treatment. The data was analyzed by the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 20).Result: out of 53 patients, 60.37% (32) were female and 39.62% (21) were male. Endometrial cancers represent 30.18% of the cases, cervical cancers were 24.52%, and rectal cancers 11.32%, urinary bladder cancers 24.52% and prostatic cancers were 9.43% of the total cases. Diarrhea was present in 50.9% of the patients; nausea and vomiting were present in 22.6% for each. The majority had grade 1 toxicities and only 2 patients developed grade 3 diarrhea (4.7%).Conclusion: The type and incidence of acute gastrointestinal toxicities in pelvic radiation therapy were mostly related to; Radiation dose, a combined used of chemotherapy with radiation therapy and surgery.

Background: Breast cancer is the commonest cancer in women. In radiotherapy practice, it comprises 25% of patient caseload. This makes understanding the breast irradiation toxicities of prime importance. Early radiation toxicities occur during treatment and up to six months after treatment finished. Objectives: assessment of the early side effects of adjuvant external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) in breast cancer patients. Patients and Methods: A cross sectional survey with analytic component conducted on 60 patients treated in the oncology teaching hospital of medical city from January to April 2016. Results: The most prevalent toxicities were radiation dermatitis, fatigue, pain, sore throat, nausea, dysphagia, and arm edema. There was a significant difference between prevalence of dermatitis with different radiation doses used. Dermatitis was more prevalent with conventional fractionation (CF), than in hypofractionated radiotherapy. Conclusion: Dermatitis was the most common acute toxicity of radiotherapy in breast cancer patients with prevalence of 81.6 %. It was related to dose fractionation. Fatigue was the 2nd common (70%). It was correlated with disease stage.