Introduction The modern welfare state concept is based on individualistic and liberal social contracts that prioritize individual interests with liberalist, partial and non-holistic hegemonies. The welfare state concept has failed in directing citizens to achieve justice, peace, and welfare. The basic aim of the Republic of Indonesia's formation is to form a welfare country. But the Indonesian constitutional articles do not have the power to form a welfare society compared to those of other states, such as Norway, Japan, the USA, and Malaysia, whose constitutions aim to achieve welfare. Objective This research aims to explore the formulation of Indonesia as the Prophetic Transcendental-Based Legal Welfare State. The urgency of this research is on the effort of model invention, or a new postulate on the form of the Indonesian Legal Welfare State. Methods This is normative-juridical research with a philosophical approach to find and explore the formulation of Indonesia as the Prophetic Transcendental-Based Legal Welfare State. Conclusion This research found that as a Legal Welfare State, Indonesia inspirits Pancasila as the moral-spiritual guidance in all developmental policies on the national law, economy, politics, and culture. Thus, the direction of the state's development is inseparable from its roots, namely the prophetic and transcendental Pancasila. Novelty The previous researches discussed Indonesia as a welfare state only based on the determining legislation or laws. But this research discusses the philosophical aspect based on the thoughts of Indonesia's founding fathers.

This paper examines empirical facts of market failure and government failure toimprove people’s welfare; capitalism and neo-liberalism do not provide a spacefor states to implement policies for social justice. With regard to the failure of thewelfare state to bring the citizen to fair welfare, this paper offers the formulationof a welfare state based on Maqa>s}id Al-Shari>‘ah. This study employs Maqa>s}id Al-Shari>‘ah developed by Imam Al-Juwaini, Izzu al-Din bin ‘Abd al-Salam, AbuIshaq al-Shatibi and Al-Tahir Ibn ‘Ashur as the methodological framework.It formulates welfare state of maqa>s}id al-shari>‘ah, which is built through thefulfillment of the three levels of individual needs (citizens) (al-D}aru>ri>yah, alha>ji>yyah and al-tahsi>ni>yah; primary, secondary and suplementary rights), publicneeds (equal distribution; al-ha>jah al-‘ammah), protection or assurance (alismah),and law enforcement (al-fit}rah (order), equality (al-musa>wah), freedom(al-h}urri>yah), magnanimity (al-samh}ah)). The morality-spirituality-religiosity andtranscendence principles develop the formulation. The maqa>s}id al-shari>‘ahshould be the “soul” of every policies and rules or laws. The development ofthe formulation of welfare state based on Maqa>s}id al-Shari>‘ah will build Islamicman/religious man (citizen), who is prosperous spiritually and materially.Artikel ini mengkaji kenyataan empiris mengenai kegagalan pasar(market failure) dan kegagalan negara (government failure) dalam meningkatkankesejahteraan rakyat, kapitalisme dan neo-liberalisme tidak memberikantempat bagi negara untuk melakukan kebijakan demi keadilansosial. Berdasarkan kegagalan negara kesejahteraan menghantarkanwarga negara menuju kesejahteraan yang berkeadilan maka tulisan inimenawarkan formulasi negara kesejahteraaan berdasarkan Maqa>s}id al-Shari>‘ah. Kajian ini mempergunakan Maqa>s}id al-Shari>‘ah sebagai kerangkametodologis yang dikembang oleh Imam Al-Juwaini, Izzu al-Din bin‘Abd al-Salam, Abu Ishaq al-Shatibi dan Al-Tahir Ibn ‘Ashur. Kajian inimemformulasikan negara kesejahteraan berdasarkan maqa>s}id al-shari>‘ahyang dibangun melalui pemenuhan kebutuhan individu (warga negara)berdasarkan tingkatannya; al-D{aru>ri>yah, al-h}a>ji>yyah dan al-tah}si>ni>yah (hakprimer, sekunder dan suplementer), kebutuhan publik, (al-h}u>jah al-‘as}mmah) terealisasi pendistribusian yang merata, adanya proteksi atau jaminan(al-is}mah) dan tegaknya hukum melalui, al-fi>rah (ketertiban), equality(al-musa>wah) kesetaraan, freedom (al-h}uri>yah) kebebesan, magnanimity (alsamh}ah) toleransi. Formulasi tersebut dibangun dengan landasan moral-spritual - religius dan transendental. Menjadikannya “roh” pada setiapkebutuhan dalam membuat kebijakan, peraturan-peraturan atau perundang-undangan. Dengan terwujdnya formulasi negara kesejahteraaanberdasarkan Maqa>s}id al-Shari>‘ah akan melahirkan islamic man/manusiareligius/karakter (warga negara) yang beriman atau pribadi yang memilikikarakter, sejahtera secara batin (spritual) dan lahir (material).

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AIM: The objectives of this research are to reveal and to analyze the stunting prevention policy as a form of legal protection for children’s health rights (HR). METHODS: This type of research is a normative legal research approach to the legislation approach and conceptual approach. RESULTS: The results of the study show that stunting prevention policy as a form of legal protection for child HR has not been able to reduce the number of stunting. The high prevalence of stunting as evidence of the government’s failure in legal protection against the problem of malnutrition. Ignoring children’s rights is a form of HR violations committed by the state. CONCLUSION: Need to regulate the law related to stunting as a manifestation of state responsibility in upholding children’s rights. Prevention and handling of stunting are carried out holistically in various sectors with commitment and synergy between the central/regional government, parents, family, and community.