Preventive maintenance techniques are considered useful in extending the life of a pavement if applied at the right time. Discussed here is a framework for a process that can be used to select the proper maintenance strategies for different distress types in asphalt pavements, depending on traffic level and environment. Maintenance treatments addressed include only crack seals, fog seals, slurry seals, microsurfacings, chip seals, thin asphalt concrete overlays, and other thin surface treatments. Types of distress considered include roughness, rutting, fatigue cracking, longitudinal cracking, raveling, weathering, and bleeding. Decision trees, based on the authors' experiences, are presented to illustrate the process in selecting appropriate maintenance treatments. A framework for evaluating the cost-effectiveness of the various maintenance treatments is presented. Existing methods for evaluating cost-effectiveness of maintenance are discussed together with their strengths and weaknesses. An example of cost-effectiveness for different maintenance treatments is also briefly presented.

Managing supply-chain operations is critical to any company's ability to compete effectively. Success in today's markets depends on the ability to balance a stream of products and processes to stay competitive. Companies are constantly evaluating every area of operations to ensure that productivity and cost objectives are realistic and attainable.Research has been carried out to investigate the measurement systems used in today's distribution centers. Five distribution centers in the Pacific Northwest were selected for this study. The characteristics of these five distribution centers and their measurement systems are discussed in this paper. A cross-case analysis is provided, which gives a view of a typical measurement system used in today's distribution centers.

No abstract

No abstract

Open-graded hot mixes have been used as road surfaces in Oregon since 1978. Since 1989, they have been used on all Interstate and primary highways in western Oregon; they are used less extensively in eastern Oregon. The Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) has pay-adjustment factors for dense-graded mixes based on an evaluation of constituents, including asphalt content, gradation, compaction, and moisture content. As a part of a larger research effort, a survey was administered to various national and international agencies inquiring about their knowledge of and experience with porous pavements. Administration of this survey was sponsored by ODOT; the purpose of the larger research effort was to develop an improved specification for porous pavements that would contain pay incentives and disincentives. Findings from this survey are reported. Of the 28 individuals contacted, responses were received from 24, providing an 86 percent response rate. Because this study was conducted to determine appropriate pay factors for open-graded mixtures, the survey was designed to learn about how other agencies were dealing with specifications and adjustment factors for porous pavements. The findings from the survey are presented with respect to (a) the respondents’ experiences with construction of open-graded asphalt during the past 5 years, (b) the factors that contribute most to the performance of open-graded mixes, (c) the most common types of failures for these mixes, (d) the primary causes of failures of the various types, and (e) the use of specifications that contain provision for pay adjustment.