Coleoptera es uno de los órdenes más diversos en el planeta y Colombia es uno de los países con mayor biodiversidad. La combinación de estos dos factores determina indiscutiblemente una elevada concentración de especies, cuyas consecuencias sólo se conocen parcialmente en el país. En este trabajo se presenta un ensayo sobre la diversidad de coleópteros en Colombia, resaltando el papel de las colecciones entomológicas y los vacíos de información a la hora de abordar la coleóptero-fauna nacional. Esta contribución constituye un punto de partida para que los coleopterólogos de Colombia comencemos a trabajar colectivamente hacia un conocimiento más amplio y menos fragmentado sobre la historia natural, sistemática, ecología y biogeografía del grupo.
Two new species of Elaphidiini from Colombia are described: Sphaerion costae sp. nov., and Mephritus costae sp. nov. The keys to species of Sphaerion Audinet-Serville, 1834 and Mephritus Pascoe, 1866 are translated and modified to include the new species. Chromatic variations of Mephritus apicatus (Linsley, 1935) are reported. Moreover, the geographical distribution is expanded for 12 species of Elaphidiini.
Six new species of Piezocerini (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae) are described: Alienosternus sanjacintero, Hemilissa bifasciata, Hemilissa erikae, Hemilissa claudiae, and Migorybia santossilvai from Colombia and Alienosternus wappesi from Bolivia. The genus Alienosternus Martins, 1976 is recorded for the first time for Colombia and Bolivia, and the genus Migorybia Martins, 1985 is recorded for the first time for Colombia. The geographical distribution of three species is expanded, and keys to species of Alienosternus and Hemilissa Pascoe, 1858 are provided.
Ysachron pilosus gen. et sp. nov. is described from the Caribbean region of Colombia, and an updated key to genera of South American Achrysonini is provided. Moreover, the geographical distribution of 45 species of Cerambycidae, belonging to the subfamilies Cerambycinae, Lamiinae and Prioninae, is expanded, including nine new country records for Colombia and a further locality in Colombia for nine species.
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