No abstract

The main objective of present study was the quantitative analysis of bisphenol A (BPA) in soil and leachate of a municipal sanitary landfill. The influence of the solvent polarity and pH over the quantitative analysis of BPA in the leachate was also investigated. The soil samples were collected from closed cells and extracted by Soxhlet extraction with ethanol. The liquid samples, from row leachate from the same sanitary landfill were extracted by Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) with C-18 cartridges and ethanol. The organic extracts from liquid and solid samples were analyzed by Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detector (GC/FID). For the soil and liquid samples the average concentrations of BPA were 21.30 (±0.61) µg kg −1 and 26.83 (±2.69) µg L −1 , respectively. These results were far above the ones cited in the literature and are of special concern because BPA may disrupt the human endocrine system. The acidification allows the increase of 5% of the extraction efficiency. In this way, the acidification step is recommended for the quantification of BPA in samples where the concentration of this analyte is below 0.1%. In these cases the acidification step may avoid important loss of the analyte and improve the detection limit in the instrumental analysis.

Abstract:The main objective of the present study was to assess the influence of ethanol on the evaporation profile of xylenes (ortho + meta and para isomers) in active (with microorganisms) and inert (without microorganisms) soils. The vapors from four sealed flasks containing inert soil + neat xylenes, active soil + neat xylenes, inert soil + xylenes + ethanol and active soil + xylenes + ethanol were monitored during 20 days by Gas Chromatography using a Flame Ionization Detector (GC/FID). No statistical differences were observed comparing the concentrations of the meta and para isomers in all samples. The differences among the average concentrations of meta, para and ortho isomers were relevant only in the active soil samples without ethanol (95% confidence interval). Ethanol may enhance the ortho isomer volatilization and delay the degradations of meta and para isomers.

The main objective of the present work was to evaluate the degradation levels of the glutaraldehyde and xylol, after use at the General Hospital (GH) of the University of Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. The degradation levels were evaluated by Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detection (GC/FID). Sixteen samples were collected over an experimental period of 8 months. The degradations of glutaraldehyde and xylol were 9.19 and 1.52, respectively. Besides suggestions to improve management, the present study also suggests possible replacers for the target compounds.

Gerenciamento de resíduos de glutaraldeído, xilenos e formaldeído em um hospital escola e em um laboratório universitário de anatomia Waste management of glutaraldehyde, xylenes and formaldehyde in a hospital school and in a university anatomy lab