Statement of Problem:A thorough knowledge of the salient features of malocclusion makes the practitioner to come to a proper diagnosis and to formulate proper mechanotherapy. It also helps to predict the prognosis, prior to the onset of treatment process. Among the various malocclusions, Class II div 2 occurs the least often. The literature review does not clearly describe the classical skeletal and dental features of Angle's Class II div 2 malocclusion.Purpose of Study:The aim of this study is to describe the unique features of Angle's Class II division 2 malocclusion.Materials and Methods:A total of 612 pre-treatment records (study models and cephalograms), with age ranging from 14 to 25 years, were obtained from the hospital records of Drs Sudha and Nageswar Rao Siddhartha Institute of Dental Sciences. Among these samples, 317 were Class II div 1 and 295 were Class II div 2. The lateral cephalograms were analyzed by using Kodak software and the arch width analysis was calculated by using digital vernier calipers.Results:Student's t test was used for the study. On the cephalograms, the vertical skeletal measurements and few of the dental variables showed a significant difference. On the plaster models, the maxillary transverse measurements revealed a notable discrimination between the groups.Conclusion:Angle's Class II div 2 malocclusion has a marked horizontal growth pattern with decreased lower facial thirds, palatally inclined upper anteriors, and remarkably increased transverse maxillary arch dimensions.

Introduction: Numerous appliances are present for the management of class II malocclusion. We have conducted a study to compare the clinical complications during treatment with either a removable mandibular acrylic splint (RMS) or with a cantilever Herbst (HC) appliance for the management of class II malocclusion. Materials and methods:This study consisted of records of 114 patients (61 males, 53 females), who were divided into two groups. Group I received RMS and group II received HC for the treatment of class II, Division 1 malocclusion. They were further subdivided according to the telescopic system used [Dentaurum type I or propulsor mandibular abzil (PMA)] and fixation mode (splint with crowns or GripTite bands). Patients' clinical records were assessed to identify clinical complications. Results:The results of the study showed that the incidence of complications during treatment in both groups was statistically nonsignificant. The complications with either crown or band were also statistically nonsignificant. The Dentaurum group showed more susceptibility to complications than the PMA group. Conclusion:The PMA telescopic system is more efficient as compared with Dentaurum. Complication resulting from Herbst appliance is independent type of appliance used and mode of fixation.

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Introduction:Orthodontic appliances or parts of fixed Orthodontic appliances can occasionally cause problems for the patients and orthodontists. These problems could range from minor discomfort to severe spread of the infection due to soft tissue injury leading to secondary space infections, which need an immediate medical attention and prompt emergency care.Case report: A case of 19-year-old female patient is presented to show the involvement of medical assistance to treat buccal space infection which was secondary to the traumatic ulcer caused by the constant maxillary molar tube injury to right sided cheek mucosa. Discussion:The spaces of the head and neck can allow the spread of the infection from the teeth and the associated oral tissues because the pathogens can travel within the facial planes, by the spread of the related inflammatory exudates. When involved in infections, the space can undergo cellulitis, which can cause a change in the normal proportions of the face. Conclusion:These emergency conditions need the medical and surgical intervention to provide relief to the patient and prevent the spread of the infection into the jaw bone, which could lead to osteomyelitis and other severe problems.